من اول Hyperkalemia

Question 1

What is hyperkalemia?

Answer 1

Serum potassium greater than 5.0 mEq/L

Question 2

What are the causes of hyperkalemia?

Answer 2

Usually treatment related, impaired renal function, hypoaldosteronism, tissue trauma, acidosis

Question 3

What are the manifestations of hyperkalemia?

Answer 3

Cardiac changes and dysrhythmias, muscle weakness with potential respiratory impairment, paresthesias, anxiety, gastrointestinal manifestations

Question 4

What is the medical management for hyperkalemia?

Answer 4

Monitor ECG, limitation of dietary potassium, cation-exchange resin (Kayexalate), IV sodium bicarbonate, IV calcium gluconate, regular insulin and hypertonic dextrose IV, B-2 agonists, dialysis

Question 5

What is included in nursing management for hyperkalemia?

Answer 5

Assessment of serum potassium levels, mix IVs containing K+ well, monitor medication effects, dietary potassium restriction/dietary teaching for patients at risk

Question 6

What can cause false laboratory results in hyperkalemia?

Answer 6

Hemolysis of blood specimen or drawing of blood above IV site may result in false laboratory result

Question 7

What should be noted about salt substitutes and medications in hyperkalemia?

Answer 7

Salt substitutes, medications may contain potassium

Question 8

What effect do potassium-sparing diuretics have in hyperkalemia?

Answer 8

Potassium-sparing diuretics may cause elevation of potassium

Question 9

Who should not use potassium-sparing diuretics?

Answer 9

Should not be used in patients with renal dysfunction

Question 10

Is the following statement true or false? The ECG change that is specific to hyperkalemia is a peaked T wave.

Answer 10

True