hyperestrinism

Question 1

common causes in dog

Answer 1

cystic ovaries, granulosa cell tumors, sertoli cell tumors-feminize with testicular tumor, estrogen drugs . goes into heat, doesnt leave heat.

Question 2

clinical signs

Answer 2

vulvular edema dischrage, alopecia caudal trunk perineum, epidermal hyperpigmentation, nipple enlargments, atractive to other dogs. if intact, probably has cystic ovaries. can cause myelotoxicity/suppression

Question 3

treatment

Answer 3

stop any drugs, spay. take our ovarian tumor.

Question 4

estrogen myelotoxicosis

Answer 4

exogenous estrogen, sertoli cell, ovarian neoplasia. life threatening, anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia. petechia- thrombocytopenia. pale petechia- anemia.

Question 5

prognosis

Answer 5

do bone marrow biopsy to prognose. no precursor cell is grave sign. can give blood products, neuopgen, epogen. remove source of estrogen

Question 6

take home messages

Answer 6

often cystic ovaries. alopecia posterior and ventral. vulvular enlargement and serosanguinos discharge. OHE. neupogen and epogen for myelotoxicosis

Question 7

sertoli cell tumors

Answer 7

sertoli- can meta and feminize. seminoma- can met and feminize. intersitial (leydig) met rare, feminize rare

Question 8

incience of sertoli tumor

Answer 8

age 3-20. avg 8-9. extrascrotal inovlvement with feminization show earlier /younger. usually unilateral, right cryptorchid teste common. 30-40% extrascrotal. inguinal or abdominal. can met all over the place

Question 9

clinical signs of sertoli

Answer 9

testicular enlgargement, feminization. abdominal sertoli highest incidence.

Question 10

clinical signs of feminization

Answer 10

atrophy of contralateral testicle. symmetrical alopecia, hyperpigmentation, gynecomastia, pendulous prepruce, prostatic changes: metaplasia, infection, attract male dogs, depressed libido, lethargy

Question 11

sertoli take home

Answer 11

feminization is a sentinel that might be tumor. all three tumors in all 3 locations can cause feminization, assess for prostatic infection and myelosuppression

Question 12

pyometra in dogs and cats

Answer 12

endotoxemic, pu/pd, e. coli.

Question 13

uteromegaly

Answer 13

pregnancy, cystic endometrial hyperplasia, pyometra, mucometra, hydrometra, tumor, torsion

Question 14

pyometra hormonal influence

Answer 14

progesterone. extreme hyperplasia and secretion of the endometrial gland is mediated by progesterone

Question 15

pyometra drugs

Answer 15

megestrol acetate, progesterone

Question 16

clinical signs

Answer 16

onset of symptoms 4-12 following estrus, pu/pd. vaginal discharge half. anorexia and decreased appetite. depression, abdominal distention, temperature either not so sick or extremely sick

Question 17

systemic effects of pyometra

Answer 17

anemia, cardiac arrythmias, impaired renal function, sepsis e coli common, toxemia. e coli endotoxins block adh. no aquaporin, no water absorbed.

Question 18

diagnose pyometra

Answer 18

hx pe, leukocytosis radiographs, u/s

Question 19

pyometra tx

Answer 19

IV, antibiotics for gram negative, ohe

Question 20

pyometra medical alternative

Answer 20

iv fluids, antibiotics, pgf2a. ALWAYS RULE OUT A PYO IN ANY INTACT SICK FEMALE DOG AND CAT

Question 21

take home pyo messages

Answer 21

signs: pu/pd deprresion, observe for other coexisting problems. isotonic iv fluids, anitbiotics, OHE. never let the sun set on a sick pyo.