Hyperemesis Gravidarum

Question 1

Definition of condition

Answer 1

Extreme Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy characterised by more than 5% weight loss, dehydration and electrolyte imbalance.

Question 2

Aetiology of condition

Answer 2

High levels of HCG, oestrogen low prolactin. Stomach infection, genetics. Hyperthyroidism.

Question 3

How do you classify HG

Answer 3

PUQE- classified as mild, moderate, severe.

Question 4

Characteristics of HG

Answer 4

Signs: Dehydration, weight loss, Ketonuria, Anemia, Tachycardia
Symptoms: Nausea, Vomiting, spitting, Enhanced smell, food fluid intolerance and lethargy.

Question 5

Risk factors

Answer 5

young primips, non smokers, non cacusian, multiple pregnancies, pre exiting diabetes, history of HG.

Question 6

Diagnosis

Answer 6

Kentonuria, high specific gravity of the urine, transient hyperthyroidism, high placental load

Question 7

Complications

Answer 7

malnutrition, vitamin deficiency, depressive illness, thrombosis, lost of tooth enamal damage gums, IUGR.

Question 8

Treatment

Answer 8

Mild: Anti emetics, IV fluids.
Severe: hospital admission, history taking, IV fluid replacement, UNE’S medications, vitamins. Nutritional assessment, Parenteral feeding. Thromboprophylaxis, serial scans.