Hypercalcaemia Flashcards
1
Q
Investigations
A
FBC, UE, LFT Calcium and phosphate PTH, Mg, ALP renal USS/XR-KUB bone scans, sestimibi scan
2
Q
Acute Treatment
A
fluids (nephrogenic DI)
magnesium, or loop diuretic
bisphosphonates (bind)
?calcitonin, glucocorticoid, haemodialysis, cinacalcet (activate PTH calcium receptors)
3
Q
PTH actions
A
bone osteoclasts: increased ALP, Ca, PO
GIT: calcium absorption
Kidney: PO excretion, decreased CaPO crystals
4
Q
Primary hyperPTH
A
high calcium
low phosphate
high/normal PTH
high ALP
5
Q
Malignancy (myeloma, mets, PTHrP)
A
high calcium
low phosphate
low PTH
ALP: high (mets,PTHrP) or normal (myeloma)
6
Q
hyperPTH
A
primary: high Ca, low PO, high PTH
secondary (KF): low Ca, low PO, high PTH
tertiary (late KF): high Ca, high PO, high PTH
