Hygiene and Vitals Exam 1

Question 1

Nosocomial Infections

Answer 1

Healthcare acquired infection

Question 2

Soap and water indications

Answer 2

hands are visibly soiled, patient has known infection, after multiple applications of hand sanitizer

Question 3

Hand washing indications

Answer 3

Before and after contact with patient, before and after gloves, after contact with wounds, bedpans, contaminated devices, before handling food, after bathroom

Question 4

Hand wash process

Answer 4

roll up sleeves, wet hands, apply soap, wash 30 sec, dry hands w paper towel, turn off faucet w paper towel

Question 5

Gloves/masks

Answer 5

If PTA has wound on hands or respiratory infection

Question 6

Standard precautions

Answer 6

Hand hygiene, PPE, respiratory etiquette, disinfect equipment

Question 7

Contact Precautions

Answer 7

Standard precaution plus wear gown and gloves

Question 8

Droplet Precautions

Answer 8

Standard precautions plus wear a surgical mask

Question 9

Airborne Precautions

Answer 9

Standard precaution plus Heavy Duty Mask. NIOSH-certified fit-tested N-95 Respirator

Question 10

Pulse Rate

Answer 10

60-100 bpm

Question 11

Factors affecting pulse

Answer 11

age, gender, exercise, emotions, heat, disease, medication

Question 12

Pulse abnormalities

Answer 12

Badycardia >60 bpm Tachycardia < 100 bpm

Question 13

Respiratory rate

Answer 13

12-20 rpm

Question 14

Factors affecting respiration

Answer 14

age, body size, stature, exercise, body position, emotions, medications

Question 15

Varieties of respiration

Answer 15

apnea, dyspnea, orthopnea, tachypnea, bradypnea, stertorus

Question 16

Parameters for breathing

Answer 16

Depth and rhythm

Question 17

BP

Answer 17

120/80 mmHg

Question 18

Factors effecting BP

Answer 18

Blood volume, elasticity of arteries, age, exercise, arm position, emotions, posture, sodium intake, obesity

Question 19

Korotkoff’s Sounds

Answer 19

Phase 1: Clear rhythmic tapping when blood flows through the artery (systolic)
Phase 2: murmur or swishing quality
Phase 3: crisp and louder sound
Phase 4: Sound is distinct, abrupt muffling (diastolic)
Phase 5: Sound disappears (2nd Diastolic), AHA recommends 5th sound to be used

Question 20

Hypotension

Answer 20

BP < 90/60 mmHg, dizzy, light headed, fainting, blurred vision, nausea, fatigue

Question 21

Contraindications for Vitals

Answer 21

Mastectomy, presence of IV, recent Fx, side of stroke, picc line

Question 22

Pulse Oximetry

Answer 22

should be at least 90%