Chapter 3 vital signs Flashcards
Purpose of taking vital signs
Determining diagnosis and prognosis
Designing the plan of care including goals, outcomes and interventions
Evaluating the effectiveness of selected interventions in achieving goals
Factors effecting pulse
AGE GENDER EMOTIONS EXERCISE HEAT (Systemic or local) DISEASES MEDICATION
Normal pulse rate
60-100 bpm
Normal respiration rate
12-20 rpm
Factors effecting respiration
AGE BODY SIZE STATURE EXERCISE BODY POSITION ENVIRONMENT EMOTIONS & STRESS MEDICATIONS
Varieties of respiration
APNEA DYSPNEA ORTHOPENEA TACHYPNEA BRADYPNEA STERTORUS
Normal blood pressure
120/80
Factors affecting BP
blood volume, diameter or elasticity of arteries, age. exercise, arm position, emotions, posture, obesity, race?, tobacco and alochol
Korotkoff’s sound: Phase 1
The first clear, rhythmic tapping sounds which gradually increases in intensity; period when blood initially flows through the artery; systolic pressure
Korotkoff’s sound: Phase 2
A murmur or swishing quality is heard
Korotkoff’s sound: Phase 3
Sound becomes crisp and louder
Korotkoff’s sound: Phase 4
Sound is distinct, abrupt muffling; first diastolic pressure
korotkoff’s sound: Phase 5
Sound disappears, second diastolic pressure; AHA recommends the fifth sound to be used
Hypertension levels
130-139 OR 80-89
Hypotension
Less than 90/60 mmHg Dizziness or light headedness Fainting (syncope) Blurred vision Nausea Fatigue Lack of concentration
