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Physical Agents > Hydrotherapy/Massage > Flashcards

Hydrotherapy/Massage Flashcards

1
Q

Buoyancy

A

tendency to remain afloat in liquid

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2
Q

Archimede’s principle

A

an object immersed in water experiences an upward thrust equal to the weight of the water displaced

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3
Q

Upwards vs downard movements

A

upwards movement are assisted

downward movements are resisted

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4
Q

Specific gravity of water

A

1.00g/cm2 at 4 celsius

less than 1 will float
greater than 1 will sink

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5
Q

Hydrostatic pressure

A

pressure exerted by the water on the immersed part

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6
Q

Pascal’s Law

A

object immsersed in a fluid will exert equal pressure on all surfaces of the object

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7
Q

Viscosity

A

degree to which fluid resists flow due to cohesive forces

viscosity resist movements in all direction\

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8
Q

Rapid movements vs Slow movements

A

rapid movement met with greater resistance

slower movement met with slower resistance

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9
Q

Physio effect of hydrotherapy: Cleansing effect

A

treatment of open wounds
soften/remove debris
debriding agent to remove endogenous agents
cleansing agent, microbial/surfactants can be added

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10
Q

Physio effect of hydrotherapy: Musculo effect

A

Decreased WB
strengthening
slowed bone density loss
less fat loss than with other forms of exercise

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11
Q

Physio effect of hydrotherapy: Cardiovascular effect

A

Increased venous circulation, cardiac volume, cardiac output

decreased HR, SBP, VO2 response to exercise

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12
Q

Physio effect of hydrotherapy: Respiratory effect

A

decreased vital capacity, exercise induced asthma

increased work of breathing

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13
Q

Physio effect of hydrotherapy: Renal effect

A

diuresis

increased sodium/potassium excretion

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14
Q

Psychological effects

A

relaxation

invigoration

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15
Q

Indications for Hydro therapy: subacute/chronic

A 
decreased swelling (pressure)
hastens healing (thermal)
dec pain (thermal)
inc ROM (thermal)
inc strength (pressure)
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16
Q

Indications for Hydrotherapy: contractures/scars

A

relaxation (psychological)
inc soft tissue extensibility (thermal)
softens scar tissue (fluidity/thermal)

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17
Q

Indications for Hydrotherapy: arthritis

A 
inc ROM (thermal)buoyancy
dec pain (thermal)buoyancy
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18
Q

Indications for Hydrotherapy: open wounds

A 
cleans/debride (fluidity/pressure)
increases circulation (thermal/pressure)
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19
Q

Indications for Hydrotherapy: muscle weakness

A 
increase ROM (buoyancy/antibuoyancy)
increase strength (pressure)
20
Q

Contraindications

A 
Cardiac dysfunction
Respiratory dysfunction
Decreased thermal sensitivity
Acute RA
Severe PVD
Open infeciton spread
21
Q

Contrast Bath therapeutic goal

A

vascular exercise

pain relief/desensitization

22
Q

Contrast Bath effect

A

vaso constric/dilate of superficial BV

edema decreased

23
Q

Contrast Bath indications

A 
impaired circulation
transition period of inf phase
edema
SINUS HA
Complex Regional Pain syndrome
24
Q

Contrast bath temp

A

55-67 to 80-104
large diff for pain relief
small diff for desensitization

25
Q

Whirlpool therapeutic goal

A

debride open wounds
same as superficial cooling/heating
reduce pain

26
Q

Whirlpool effects

A

lympth movement

moistens/softens tissue

27
Q

Agitation of water may:

A 
phasic stim to afferent
inc pressure
means to grade exercise
dec thermal gradients 
remove necrotic tissue/decrease bacterial load
28
Q

Whirlpool indications

A

infected/dirty wounds/burns
muscle weakness
early PVD
subacute/chronic

29
Q

Cautions of Whirlpool

A

makes ure it is GFCI
signs of faintness/fever
seaksickness

30
Q

Common temps of Whirlpool

A

92-96 Neutral
96-99 Warm
99-104 Hot
104-110 very Hot

31
Q

Therapeutic Effects of Massage

A

assessment
invigorate the body
relaxation
superficial blood flow

inc pain threshold
lympth flow to dec edema
inc soft tissue ext
decrease scar tissue to inc ROM

32
Q

Indications of Massage

A 
pain
spasms
edema
adhesions
soreness
headaches
inc blood flow
inc lymph drainage
33
Q

Contraindications of Massage

A 
arteriosclerosis
thrombosis
embolism
phlebitis
severe varicose veins
open wounds
infections
acute inf/cancer
34
Q

Therapeutic vs Rubdown

A

therapeutic- treatment of a disease (required)

rubdown- to relax muscles due to tension (desired)

35
Q

Reflexive effects of Massage

A

act on local sensory/motor nerves as well as CNS
cause sedation due to muscle relaxation
effects through skin via sensory receptors
pain/circulatin/metabolism

36
Q

Mechanical effects of Massage

A

accompanied with reflexive effect but with inverse relation ship

mm elongation and mob of soft tissue

increase blood flow to skeletal mm

slow mm atrophy, inc skin temp

37
Q

Purpose of Effleurage massage

A

accustom pt.
apply lubrication oil
increase skin circulation
increase rate of exchange in periphery

38
Q

Purpose of Petrissage massage

A

press waste out of tissue
increase lympth/venous return
break up adhesions
loosen fibrous tissue/increase elasticity

39
Q

Types of effleurage massage

A

raking, ironing, heart, tree, feathering, 3 stroke on trap

40
Q

Types of petrissage

A

kneading, ocean waves, skin rolling, praying hands, pincers on traps

41
Q

Purpose of compression massage

A

press tissue into underlying bone

42
Q

Purpose of vibration massage

A

act on GTO to recipricol inhibition

43
Q

Purpose of shaking massage

A

influence mm spindle system jt proprioception

44
Q

Purpose of Rocking massage

A

stim vestibular and muscular system

45
Q

Purpose of persussion

A

stim subcutaneous tissue, increase circulation

46
Q

Purpose of friction

A

break up adhesions

Physical Agents (6 decks)

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