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Physical Agents > E-Stim Tissue Healing & Contraction > Flashcards

E-Stim Tissue Healing & Contraction Flashcards

1
Q

What occurs in the inflammation phase

A

Hemostasis
Autolysis
Phagocytosis
Fibroblastic migration

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2
Q

What occurs in the proliferation phase

A

Collegen synthesis
angiogenesis
epitheliazation
wound contraction

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3
Q

What occurs in the maturation phase

A

Collagen lysis

Collagen replacement

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4
Q

Factors that affect wound healing

A 
Systemic med- aspirin, corticosteroids, indomethacin
Topical meds
Malnutrition
presure/stretch
infection
immunodeficiency
smoking
necrotic/dry tissue
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5
Q

Common Places for a Pressure sore

A

sacrum, ischial tuberosity, greater trochanter, heel, malleoli

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6
Q

Stages of Pressure sores

A

Stage 1- nonblanchable erythema of intact skin
Stage 2- partial thickness skin loss to epidermis/dermis/both
Stage 3- full skin thickness loss affects subcutaneous
Stage 4- full skin thickness loss affecting mm./bone

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7
Q

Common places/Etiology of Arterial Insuf ulcers

A

lateral foot, on foot, toe joints, mallelio

arteriosclerosis, arterial occlusion/disruption

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8
Q

Common places/Etiology of Venous Insuf ulcers

A

above the ankle, medial lower leg

venous hypertension, venous valvular dysfunction

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9
Q

Common places/Etiology of Diabetic Ulcers

A

plantar foot, lateral foot, met heads, heel

neuropathy, arterial insuf

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10
Q

Electrochemical effects pos vs neg electrode

A

Negative electrode=alkaline

Positive electrode=acid

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11
Q

Electrophysical effects

A

electrokinetic-movement of ions

ie depolariziong of membrane

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12
Q

Electrothermal effects

A

microvibration to charge particles creating heat

H=0.24I2xRxT

I2=RMS
R=skin impedance
T=time

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13
Q

Effects that would benefit from wound healing

A 
glavanotaxis
collagen synthesis
prolif of fibroblast
angiogenesis
bacteriacidal
epitheliazation
increase blood to wound
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14
Q

Galvanotaxis Inf phase consists of

A

macrophages- neg
neutrophils inactivated- neg
phagocytosis
autolysis

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15
Q

Galvanotaxis Prolif phase consists of

A

fibroblast- pos

collegen formation

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16
Q

Galvanotaxis Maturation phase consists of

A 
myofibroblast-pos
keratinocytes-pos
epidermal cells-neg
wound contraciton
epitheliazation
17
Q

Human battery pos vs neg

A

outside=neg
inside=positive

switches with injury

18
Q

Protocol 1

A

cathode to site for 1-5 days

19
Q

Protocol 2

A

cathode- ecoli

anode-aueras

20
Q

Protocol 3

A

anode-attract macrophages/neutrophils for autolysis/phagocytosis

cathode- attracts fibroblast/myofibroblast for wound contraction/epitheliazation, granulation

21
Q

Protocol 4

A

cathode- liquefy/soften tissue, soluble

anode- stimulate epetheliazation

22
Q

Cathode- neg effects and its Galvanotaxis cells

A

increase blood flow
increased growth of granulation
epidermal cell migration
anti microbial

Galvanotaxis:fibroblast, neutrophisl, platelets, lymphocytes, mast cells, keratinocytes

23
Q

Anode- pos effects and its Galvanotaxis cells

A

decrease blood flow
vasoconstriction
decrease mast cells during tissue healing
growth/re-organization of epithelial cells
anti microbial

Galvanotaxis: macrophages, neurtrophils inactivated, epidermal cells

24
Q

Neg pole theory

A

repel negatively charged serum proteins
decrease microvessel diameter
decrease pore size

25
Q

Voluntary contraction vs. E-stim contraction

A

voluntary
small slow MU recruited first
asynchronous MU recruited

E-stim
large fast MU recruited first
fast fatigue muscle, requires more rest time
synchronous MU recruitment

26
Q

Factors affecting Force-Frequency

A

mm length
mm temperature
fatigue state
degree of potentiation

27
Q

E-stim required for twitch, contration, tetanus

A

follows arndt schultz law, must be strong/long/rise enough

low freq=1-2 stim per second for twitch
med freq=15 pps for contraction
>30 for tetanus

28
Q

Strength MVIC Training

A

to strength train healthy mm via e-stim, must stim at 50% of MVIC

to strengthen injuried mm via e-stim, must stim at 10% of MVIC

29
Q

Overload Theory

A

larger load placed on a muscle, the muscle will produce a greater contraction =strength will increase more than if smaller load on muscle

30
Q

Specificity Theory

A

should produce greater strength gains than exercise alone at same contraction force

31
Q

E-stim can also do this to Innervated muscles

A

high frequency e stim increases blood flow back to heart in healthy/pt

reduces stress incontinence

32
Q

E-stim on denervated muscles

A

DC current stims the mm membrane NOT the nerve/neuron

> 10ms of pulse duration=contraction

use with caution, may retard motor nerve regeneration

33
Q

Contraindications of Russian Currents

A

anterior c-spine
trans cranial region
trans thoracic region
abdominal/lumbar of pregnant women

hemorrhaging area
neoplasm
decreased sensation in area
electrical/metal implants

Physical Agents (6 decks)

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