Hydroelectric power

Question 1

What do HEP stations require?

Answer 1

1. Water supply: HEP stations need a constant supply of water. They are built on fast-flowing, high volume rivers.
2. Slope: A HEP station needs to be built where there is a drop in the course of the river. This drop causes the water to flow quickly.
3. Bedrock: The reservoir behind the dam of a HEP station must be built on impermeable bedrock. This is so the water in the reservoir does not seep away and remains as a constant water supply.
4. Climate: HEP stations need to be situated in areas with high levels of rainfall.

Question 2

What are the advantages of HEP?

Answer 2

• HEP stations and turbines can generate cheap, clean and renewable electricity.

• The water that builds up behind the dam wall is known as a reservoir. This can be used as a water supply for the local area.

• The reservoir can also act as a leisure facility for activities such as fishing, rowing and other water-based activities.

• The building of the dam can also help to prevent flooding.

Question 3

What are the disadvantages of HEP?

Answer 3

• The creation of a reservoir behind the dam may mean the loss of good farmland.

• Families may have to be relocated (moved away)
as a result of the creation of a reservoir.

• This can be costly and also a major upheaval for families.

• New roads and bridges have to be built around the reservoir and HEP station.

• The dam can stop fish from swimming upstream.
This reduces fish stocks.