hydrochloric acid Flashcards
hydrogen chloride and water are examples of _______
polar covalent compounds
hydrogen chloride can be converted into chlorine by heating with _______ which acts as a _________
Lead (iv) oxide, oxidizing agent
addition of ________ to dilute hydrochloric acid results in the liberation of hydrogen sulfide gas
Iron (ii) sulphide
what is aqua regia
it is a mixture of
–> one part of conc.nitric acid
–> three parts of conc. hydrochloric acid
by volume and it reduces hydrochloric acid to chlorine
addition of silver nitrate to hydrochloric acid gives_____
where is it soluble and insoluble?
the insoluble precipitate of the respective chloride
the precipitate is soluble in excess of ammonium hydroxide
the precipitate is insoluble dilute nitric acid
ZnS + HCL
name the gas evolved
H2S
Na2S + HCL
name the gas evolved
H2S
Mg + HCL
name the gas evolved
H2
Ca(HCO3)2 (calcium bicarbonate) + HCL
name the gas evolved
CO2
Na2S2O3 (sodium thiosulphate) + HCL
name the gas evolved
SO2
magnesium (iv) oxide + HCL
name the gas evolved
Cl
(name the gas evolved)
NaHCO3 (sodium bicarbonate) + HCL
CO2
(name the gas evolved)
Na2SO3(sodium sulphite) + HCl
SO2
dilute hydrochloric acid is added to silver nitrate
curdy white precipitate is observed
lead nitrate solution is mixed with dilute hydrochloric acid and heated
a white precipitate of PbCl2 is formed
it dissolves in heating
action of dilute hydrochloric acid on Iron (ii) sulphide
gas with a rotten egg smell is evolved
dilute hydrochloric acid is added to lead nitrate and the mixture is heated
a white precipitate is formed
it is soluble on heating
dilute hydrochloric acid is added to copper carbonate
a colorless and odourless gas evolves with brisk effervesence
it turns lime water milky
dilute hydrochloric acid is added to sodium thiosulphate
SO2 gas is evolved which turns pottasium dichromate paper from orange to green
copper sulphide is treated with dilute hydrochloric acid
the gas having rotten egg smell is released (H2S)
it turns lead acetate paper black
a few drops of dilute hydrochloric acid are added to silver nitrate solution followed by condition of ammonium hydroxide solution
a curdy white precipitate of AgCl is formed
it is insoluble in HNO3
it is soluble in NH4OH
glass rod dipped in ammonium hydroxide is brought near the mouth of the concentrated hydrochloric acid bottle
dense white fumes of ammonium chloride are observed
excess of ammonium hydroxide is added to a substance obtained by adding hydrochloric acid is silver nitrate solution
state an observation
a white precipitate first formed dissolves giving a clear solution
magnesium strip is dropped in dilute hydrochloric acid
magnesium metal slowly dissolves with evolution of colourless and odourless gas which burns of with a pop sound
platinum when added to aqua regia
platinum dissolves in aqua regia
copper oxide treated with concentrated hydrochloric acid
a greenish yellow gas is released
which turns moist starch iodide paper blue black
then turns blue litmus to red and finally bleaches to white
give balanced equation for the following
concentrated hydrochloric acid and potassium permanganate solution
2KMnO4 + 16HCl –> 2KCl + 2MnCl2 + 8H2O + 5Cl2
give balanced equation for the following
red lead is warmed with concentrated hydrochloric acid
Pb3O4 + 28HCl –> 3PbCl2 + 4H2O + Cl2
give balanced equation for the following
dilute hydrochloric acid and sodium thiosulphate
Na2S2O3 + 2HCL –> 2NaCl + H2O + SO2 + S
give balanced equation for the following
manganese (iv) oxide and concentrated hydrochloric acid
MnO2 + 4HCL –> MnCl2 + 2H2O + Cl2
what are the conditions for liquefaction of hydrogen chloride
pressure of 40 atm
temperature of 10 degrees celsius
hydrogen and chlorine combine directly in the presence of sunlight
the reaction would be explosive
distinguish between dil.HCL and dil.H2SO4 using barium chloride
when dil H2SO4 reacts with bacl2 a white ppt of BaSO4 is formed which is insoluble in acid.
when dil.HCL is added to BaCl2 no ppt is formed.
chemical test to distinguish between lead nitrate solution and zinc nitrate solution
lead nitrate gives a white precipitate
zinc nitrate gives a colourless solution
test to distinguish between manganese dioxide and copper 2 oxide
MnO2 + 4HCL –> MnCl2 + 2H2O + Cl2
(greenish yellow gas liberated)
CuO + HCl –> CuCl2 + H2O
(no gas liberated but solution turns blue)
give a chemical test to distinguish between lead nitrate solution and zinc nitrate solution
by adding ammonium hydroxide in excess
lead nitrate solution gives a white precipitate while zinc nitrate gives a colourless solution
why is anhydrous HCL a poor conductor of electricity while aqueous HCl is a good conductor
anhydrous HCl is a covalent compound which does not have any ions in it
whereas there are ions present in aq.HCL hence aqueous HCl conducts electricity
why is it too dangerous to dilute the acid by adding water to concentrated H2SO4
if the acid is diluted by water to the conc.acid then the water may suddenly convert into steam and cause the acid to splash or spurt
why is silver nitrate crystals dissolved in distilled water and not in tap water in order to prepare a solution of silver nitrate
tap water contains some amount of dissolved sodium chloride hence it reacts to form white precipitate of silver chloride
AgNO3 + NaCl –> AgCl + NaNO3
odour of gas when sodium sulphite and HCl is react
SO2 suffocating GAs which causes coughing
odour of gas when calcium carbonate and HCl is react
CO2 gas produces faint acidic smell
odour of gas when magnesium ribbon and HCl is react
odourless hydrogen gas
what is aqua regia used for
cleaning glassware
refinig noble metals like gold/platinum
HCl when come in contact with methyl orange sol
turns red or pink
HCl when come in contact with neutral litmus solution
turns red
HCl when come in contact with alkaline phenolphthalein
it decolourizes
how is HCl gas collected
upward displacement of air
how is HCl prepared
when we pass hydrogen chloride in water hydrochloric acid is formed
