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hydrochloric acid Flashcards

1
Q

hydrogen chloride and water are examples of _______

A

polar covalent compounds

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2
Q

hydrogen chloride can be converted into chlorine by heating with _______ which acts as a _________

A

Lead (iv) oxide, oxidizing agent

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3
Q

addition of ________ to dilute hydrochloric acid results in the liberation of hydrogen sulfide gas

A

Iron (ii) sulphide

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4
Q

what is aqua regia

A

it is a mixture of
–> one part of conc.nitric acid
–> three parts of conc. hydrochloric acid
by volume and it reduces hydrochloric acid to chlorine

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5
Q

addition of silver nitrate to hydrochloric acid gives_____

where is it soluble and insoluble?

A

the insoluble precipitate of the respective chloride

the precipitate is soluble in excess of ammonium hydroxide

the precipitate is insoluble dilute nitric acid

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6
Q

ZnS + HCL

name the gas evolved

A

H2S

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7
Q

Na2S + HCL

name the gas evolved

A

H2S

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8
Q

Mg + HCL

name the gas evolved

A

H2

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9
Q

Ca(HCO3)2 (calcium bicarbonate) + HCL

name the gas evolved

A

CO2

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10
Q

Na2S2O3 (sodium thiosulphate) + HCL

name the gas evolved

A

SO2

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11
Q

magnesium (iv) oxide + HCL

name the gas evolved

A

Cl

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12
Q

(name the gas evolved)

NaHCO3 (sodium bicarbonate) + HCL

A

CO2

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13
Q

(name the gas evolved)

Na2SO3(sodium sulphite) + HCl

A

SO2

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14
Q

dilute hydrochloric acid is added to silver nitrate

A

curdy white precipitate is observed

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15
Q

lead nitrate solution is mixed with dilute hydrochloric acid and heated

A

a white precipitate of PbCl2 is formed

it dissolves in heating

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16
Q

action of dilute hydrochloric acid on Iron (ii) sulphide

A

gas with a rotten egg smell is evolved

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17
Q

dilute hydrochloric acid is added to lead nitrate and the mixture is heated

A

a white precipitate is formed

it is soluble on heating

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18
Q

dilute hydrochloric acid is added to copper carbonate

A

a colorless and odourless gas evolves with brisk effervesence

it turns lime water milky

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19
Q

dilute hydrochloric acid is added to sodium thiosulphate

A

SO2 gas is evolved which turns pottasium dichromate paper from orange to green

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20
Q

copper sulphide is treated with dilute hydrochloric acid

A

the gas having rotten egg smell is released (H2S)

it turns lead acetate paper black

21
Q

a few drops of dilute hydrochloric acid are added to silver nitrate solution followed by condition of ammonium hydroxide solution

A

a curdy white precipitate of AgCl is formed

it is insoluble in HNO3
it is soluble in NH4OH

22
Q

glass rod dipped in ammonium hydroxide is brought near the mouth of the concentrated hydrochloric acid bottle

A

dense white fumes of ammonium chloride are observed

23
Q

excess of ammonium hydroxide is added to a substance obtained by adding hydrochloric acid is silver nitrate solution

state an observation

A

a white precipitate first formed dissolves giving a clear solution

24
Q

magnesium strip is dropped in dilute hydrochloric acid

A

magnesium metal slowly dissolves with evolution of colourless and odourless gas which burns of with a pop sound

25
platinum when added to aqua regia
platinum dissolves in aqua regia
26
copper oxide treated with concentrated hydrochloric acid
a greenish yellow gas is released which turns moist starch iodide paper blue black then turns blue litmus to red and finally bleaches to white
27
give balanced equation for the following concentrated hydrochloric acid and potassium permanganate solution
2KMnO4 + 16HCl --> 2KCl + 2MnCl2 + 8H2O + 5Cl2
28
give balanced equation for the following red lead is warmed with concentrated hydrochloric acid
Pb3O4 + 28HCl --> 3PbCl2 + 4H2O + Cl2
29
give balanced equation for the following dilute hydrochloric acid and sodium thiosulphate
Na2S2O3 + 2HCL --> 2NaCl + H2O + SO2 + S
30
give balanced equation for the following manganese (iv) oxide and concentrated hydrochloric acid
MnO2 + 4HCL --> MnCl2 + 2H2O + Cl2
31
what are the conditions for liquefaction of hydrogen chloride
pressure of 40 atm | temperature of 10 degrees celsius
32
hydrogen and chlorine combine directly in the presence of sunlight
the reaction would be explosive
33
distinguish between dil.HCL and dil.H2SO4 using barium chloride
when dil H2SO4 reacts with bacl2 a white ppt of BaSO4 is formed which is insoluble in acid. when dil.HCL is added to BaCl2 no ppt is formed.
34
chemical test to distinguish between lead nitrate solution and zinc nitrate solution
lead nitrate gives a white precipitate | zinc nitrate gives a colourless solution
35
test to distinguish between manganese dioxide and copper 2 oxide
MnO2 + 4HCL --> MnCl2 + 2H2O + Cl2 (greenish yellow gas liberated) CuO + HCl --> CuCl2 + H2O (no gas liberated but solution turns blue)
36
give a chemical test to distinguish between lead nitrate solution and zinc nitrate solution
by adding ammonium hydroxide in excess lead nitrate solution gives a white precipitate while zinc nitrate gives a colourless solution
37
why is anhydrous HCL a poor conductor of electricity while aqueous HCl is a good conductor
anhydrous HCl is a covalent compound which does not have any ions in it whereas there are ions present in aq.HCL hence aqueous HCl conducts electricity
38
why is it too dangerous to dilute the acid by adding water to concentrated H2SO4
if the acid is diluted by water to the conc.acid then the water may suddenly convert into steam and cause the acid to splash or spurt
39
why is silver nitrate crystals dissolved in distilled water and not in tap water in order to prepare a solution of silver nitrate
tap water contains some amount of dissolved sodium chloride hence it reacts to form white precipitate of silver chloride AgNO3 + NaCl --> AgCl + NaNO3
40
odour of gas when sodium sulphite and HCl is react
SO2 suffocating GAs which causes coughing
41
odour of gas when calcium carbonate and HCl is react
CO2 gas produces faint acidic smell
42
odour of gas when magnesium ribbon and HCl is react
odourless hydrogen gas
43
what is aqua regia used for
cleaning glassware refinig noble metals like gold/platinum
44
HCl when come in contact with methyl orange sol
turns red or pink
45
HCl when come in contact with neutral litmus solution
turns red
46
HCl when come in contact with alkaline phenolphthalein
it decolourizes
47
how is HCl gas collected
upward displacement of air
48
how is HCl prepared
when we pass hydrogen chloride in water hydrochloric acid is formed

chemistry (14 decks)

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