hydrocarbons & alkanes Flashcards
crude oil definition
crude oil is formed from the remains of ancient biomass consisting mainly of plankton that was buried in mud over millions of year
what is crude oil a mixture of?
it is a mixture of a very large number of compounds
what are most of the compounds in crude oil?
hydrocarbons
hydrocarbon
molecules made only of hydrogen and carbon
what are most of the compounds in hydrocarbons?
alkanes
general formula for alkanes
CnH2n+2
first four alkanes
methane- CH4
ethane- C2H6
propane- C3H8
butane-C4H10
why is crude oil a mixture?
the compounds aren’t chemically joined together so can be separated
complete combustion of hydrocarbon general equation
hydrocarbon + oxygen —–> carbon dioxide + water
incomplete combustion of hydrocarbon general equation
hydrocarbon + oxygen —–> carbon monoxide + carbon (Soot) + water
alkane
a type of saturated hydrocarbon
homologous series
a group of organic compounds that have similar chemical properties, due to them having the same functional group
saturated
no additional bonds can be added, single C-C bonds
unsaturated
additional atoms can be added, usually contains a C=C bond
viscous length increase
chain length increase, more viscous
