carboxylic acids

Question 1

functional group

Answer 1

-COOH

Question 2

first four carboxylic acids

Answer 2

methanoic, ethanoic, propanoic, butanoic acid

Question 3

what happens when carboxylic acids react with carbonates?

Answer 3

produce a salt, water and carbon dioxide

Question 4

general formula

Answer 4

CnH2n+1COOH

Question 5

what are the salts called in a carbonate reaction e.g ethanoic acid?

Answer 5

ethanoate

Question 6

what happens when carboxylic acids dissolve in water?

Answer 6

they dissolve and release H+ ions, resulting in an acidic solution, but don’t ionise completely so form weak acidic solutions, so have a higher pH than strong acids with the same conc

Question 7

what happens when carboxylic acids react with alcohols?

Answer 7

esters are formed

Question 8

functional group of ester

Answer 8

-COO-

Question 9

what type of acids are carboxylic?

Answer 9

weak

Question 10

where does the position of equilibrium lie in the reversible reaction of carboxylic acid in water solution?

Answer 10

to the left

Question 11

reversible reaction example ethanoic acid in water

Answer 11

CH3COOH (aq) <-> CH3COO- (aq) + H+ (aq)

Question 12

how are esters made?

Answer 12

by heating carboxylic acids with alcohols under reflux and with a sulfuric acid catalyst

Question 13

ethanoic acid + ethanol –>

Answer 13

ethyl ethanoate + water

Question 14

general equation for esters

Answer 14

carboxylic acid + alcohol –> ester + water

Question 15

how do you give esters the symbol?

Answer 15

carboxylic acid subtract final H + first C,H part of alcohol

Question 16

uses of esters

Answer 16

• flavourings and perfumes due to sweet smells and volatile nature
• used as solvents e.g paint/nail varnish remover
• plasticisers