HYDROCARBONS Flashcards
Only carbon-carbon single bonds
Alkanes
One or more carbon-carbon double bonds
Alkenes
One or more carbon-carbon triple bonds
Alkynes
One or more benzene-like rings
Arenes
Example of
- Alkane
- Alkene
- Alkynes
- Arene
Ethane | Ethylene | Acetylene | Benzene
The shape of methane
tetrahedral
angles of methane bonds
109.5 deg
a line represents a carbon-carbon bond and a vertex represents a carbon atom.
line-angle formula
are compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structural formulas.
constitutional isomers
structural formulas that have the same molecular formula and the same connectivity of their atoms represent ___________________; those that have the same molecular formula but different connectivities of their atoms represent _______________.
same compound; consititutional isomers
Each carbon can form a maximum of ____ bonds
4
Groups joined by a single bond can rotate; t or f
TRUE
contain only C and H
Hydrocarbons
are hydrocarbons that contain only single bonds and are referred to as saturated hydrocarbons
Alkanes
General formula of an alkane
C(n)H(2n+2)
the arrangement of C atoms determines the _________, so a straight chain and a bent chain represent the same _________.
skeleton
Groups joined by a single bond can ________ freely, so a branch pointing down is the same as one pointing up
rotate
The name of any organic compound is comprised of three portions:
PREFIX + ROOT + SUFFIX
the root name of the compound is determined from the number of C atoms in the ______________
longest continuous chain
the ________ indicates the type of organic compound
suffix
identifies any group attached to the main chain
prefix
A C atom single-bonded to one other atom gets ________ H atoms
three
A C atom single-bonded to three other atoms gets _____ H atom
one
A C atom single-bonded to two other atoms gets ____ H atoms
two
A C atom single-bonded to four other atoms is _____________ (___ H atoms)
already fully bonded (0 H atoms)
A double-bonded C atom is treated as if it were bonded to ___ other atoms
two
