HW/Worksheets/Lab Flashcards
Right upper lobe drainage
Sitting up, reclined slightly
Right middle lobe drainage
elevate foot 30cm/12in
laying on left side
Right lower lobe drainage
elevate foot 50cm/20in
laying on left side
Left upper lobe, superior drainage
sitting with shoulders rounded, bent slightly over
Left upper lobe, inferior drainage
elevate foot 30cm/12 in
laying on right side
Left lobe drainage
elevate foot 50 cm/20in
lay on right side
Physical Exam of Pulmonary Pt
- Pt history
- Physical exam
- Inspection (especially around fingers, lips, respiratory pattern)
Tracheal, Bronchial Sounds
loud, tubular sounds
between scapulae or on trachea
Vesicular Sounds
soft, rustling sounds that are heard over more distal airways and lung parenchyma
CTA
clear to auscultation
Abnormal Breath sounds
heard outside their usual location or if they are quantitatively different from normal breath sounds or absent
Bronchial abnormal
fluid or secretion consolidation
Decreased or diminshed sounds
hypoventilation, severe congestion, emphysema, obesity
Absent sounds
pneumothorax
Adventitious sounds
wheeze
rhonchi
stridor
Crackles
bubbling or popping sounds that represent the presence of fluid or secretions, or sudden opening of a closed airway
discontinuous sounds
Wheeze
airway obstruction from bronchoconstriction or retained secretions
heard on expiration
Rhonchi
low pitched or snoring sounds that are continuous
large airway obstruction
Stridor
extremely high pitched wheeze that occurs with significant upper airway obstruction, present during both inspiration and expiration
medical emergency!
Extrapulmonary
dysfunction outside of the lung tissue
pleural friction rub
loud grating sound
both inspiration and expiration
Transmitted voice sounds
Whispered pectoriloquy (1, 2, 3)
bronchophony (99)
egophony (e to a)
Sounds from mediate percussion
Resonant = normal
hyerresonant, tympanic, dull, flat
Pulmonary Function Tests assess
- how much air volume can be moved in and out of lungs
- how fast the air in the lungs can be moved in and out
- how stiff are the lungs and chest wall
- diffusion characteristics of the membrane through which gas moves
- how the lungs respond to chest physical therapy
PFTs are used for
Screening for presence of obstructive or restrictive disease
evaluating pt prior to surgery
eval the pts condition for weaning from ventilator
progression of disease
effectiveness of intervention