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Hurricane Sandy Case Study Flashcards

1
Q

When did this tropical storm form?

A

19th October 2012

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2
Q

When was the tropical storm upgraded to hurricane status?

A

24th October

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3
Q

How much money did the hurricane cost in damage?

A

$65 billion

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4
Q

Was the hurricane the most costly in the US?

A

No it was the second most costly

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5
Q

What areas were affected?

A

24 US states and several places in South America

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6
Q

How many lives were lost as a result of the hurricane?

A

286

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7
Q

What record did the hurricane break in New York?

A

It caused the largest storm surge of water

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8
Q

How big was the New York storm surge?

A

13.88 feet

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9
Q

Where did the New York storm surge hit?

A

Battery Park

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10
Q

What was the barometer reading of the storm?

A

940 millibars

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11
Q

How far from the eye did the hurricane force winds extend at the windiest point?

A

175 miles from the eye

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12
Q

How far did the tropical storm force winds extend?

A

485 miles

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13
Q

What happened on the 19th October?

A

A tropical wave in the Caribbean formed and went from a tropical depression to a tropical storm in just 6 hours

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14
Q

What happened on the 22nd October?

A

Tropical Storm Sandy forms in the Caribbean Sea with maximum winds of 40 mph

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15
Q

What happened on the 24th October?

A

Sandy became a Category 1 hurricane and moved north across the Caribbean, crossing Jamaica and hitting land for the first time.

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16
Q

How fast were the winds when the hurricane hit Jamaica?

A

80mph

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17
Q

How many deaths were caused in Haiti due to the flooding on the 24th October?

A

50

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18
Q

What speed did winds hit on the 26th October?

A

110mph- 1mph off becoming a category 3 hurricane

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19
Q

What happened on the 27th October?

A

It weakened to become a tropical depression but then got strong again and reached Category 1 hurricane status

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20
Q

What were the peak winds on the 28th October?

A

80mph

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21
Q

In how many places was the North Carolina highway washed out on the 28th October?

A

12 places

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22
Q

Why did the hurricane move northwest on the 28th October?

A

Due to a cold high-pressure front to the north of the storm

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23
Q

What did the moon cause on the 28th October?

A

A storm surge and winds that covered 1000 miles

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24
Q

What type of weather did the hurricane cause on the 29th October?

A

It caused some snow in some areas as it interfered with the weather system

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25
What happened in Washington DC on the 29th October?
High winds and heavy rainfall hit causing trees and power lines to fall
26
On what date did some states experience power cuts?
29th October
27
What happened on the 31st October?
The storm dissipated over western Pennsylvania
28
How many deaths were a direct result of the hurricane?
147
29
How many homes were destroyed or damaged in the state of New York?
305,000
30
How many homes were damaged or destroyed in the state of New Jersey?
346,000
31
How many people were without power at the height of the storm?
7.5 million
32
What had to be rationed in America?
Gas
33
What was disrupted in America?
Voting- some people had to vote by fax or email
34
For which country, was this hurricane the most costly?
This was Haiti's most costly hurricane
35
Why was there a risk of a cholera outbreak in Haiti?
It still hadn't recovered from the 2010 earthquake
36
What led to further devastation in Haiti?
The tents people were still living in as a result of the 2010 earthquake were torn apart by the wind.
37
What were the negative social effects? (7)
Many areas affected were densely populated Death Injury Insurance costs may drive people out People lose their jobs as offices and businesses are destroyed Schools closed due to damage
38
What was a positive social impact of the storm?
More jobs in construction
39
What are 8 negative economic effects of the hurricane?
Some of the countries involved are LICs Money needs to be spent on healthcare Damaged infrastructure needs to be replaced ASAP which can be costly More money needs to be invested into protection from such events Flights disrupted by storms Crops destroyed Job losses so less tax and more benefits to pay
40
What are 5 environmental effects of hurricanes?
Pollution of rivers when debris are deposited which could enter the water supply Floods Oil contamination and spills Untreated sewage could enter some waterways Pollutants in the water, which may have reduced oxygen levels, can affect aquatic life
41
What was distributed in Haiti?
Shelter repair materials to help repair homes that were damaged by storms
42
How much money was given out of the DRF by FEMA in America?
$1.93 billion
43
What did FEMA do to help those in need?
It gave both Transitional Housing Assistance and Rental Housing Assistance for those whose homes were destroyed
44
What was sent to monitor the hurricane and where?
Hurricane Hunters were sent to the eye of the storm to monitor the hurricane
45
Which constituency was the last to call for an evacuation?
New York City
46
What would an emergency kit entail?
Canned food, a can opener, water, batteries, a torch, a radio and pet items
47
What efforts were made to protect the beaches?
Dunes were built and lose items were removed
48
What type of appointments were cancelled by hospitals and clinics?
Non-urgent appointments
49
What were deployed along the East Coast?
Incident Management Assistant Teams
50
What was established in America before the hurricane arrived?
Support bases
51
Why didn't many people evacuate in America?
There was a lot of confusion due to a lack of communication
52
Why was there lots of confusion?
The National Hurricane Centre couldn't forecast the hurricane because it didn't have the technology
53
Who forecasted the hurricane?
Local weather service offices which had different predictions
54
Out of all the people in New York and New Jersey, how many people evacuated?
30%
55
Aside from the lack of technological equipment, what else caused confusion?
Social media and fake news
56
How many emergency shelters were there in New York in 2014?
10,000
57
How many shelters will there be in the future in new York?
120,000
58
Who are the shelters for?
People who have disabilities and therefore cannot evacuate
59
What has happened to the existing shelters in New York?
They have been retrofitted to make them more accessible
60
What is the name of the program introduced to help small businesses bounce back in New York?
RISE:NYC
61
What does RISE:NYC do?
It helps small businesses bounce back after hurricanes by funding technology projects
62
Give an example of a project RISE:NYC had funded
Red Hook Initiative
63
What is the Red Hook Initiative?
It creates a free local wifi network
64
How was the Red Hook Initiative successful during hurricane Sandy?
The connection stayed live after the hurricane
65
How much money is being spent on repairs in NYC?
$3billion
66
What repairs are being made in New York City?
Both public housing and infrastructure are being retrofitted to make them more storm resistant
67
What is an advantage of making buildings storm resistant now?
It will reduce costs in the long term
68
Name the program that the Metropolitan Transport Agency has
Fix and Fortify
69
What has the Fix and Fortify program done?
Put $10.5 billion into repairs and upgrades to make the transport better equipped to cope with storms
70
What are the hopes for the East River Coastal Resiliency Project?
There are hopes that one day it will protect part of the Manhattan coastline from storm surges

Hazards (15 decks)

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