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Hazards > Calbuco, Chile Volcano Case Study > Flashcards

Calbuco, Chile Volcano Case Study Flashcards

1
Q

Where is this volcano located?

A

Los Lagos, Chile

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2
Q

In which mountain range will you find Calbuco?

A

The Andes

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3
Q

When did the volcano last start to erupt?

A

22nd April 2015

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4
Q

What was the VEI of the 2015 eruption?

A

4

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5
Q

What is special about Calbuco’s location?

A

It is on a triple junction

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6
Q

What is the name of mid-oceanic ridge?

A

The Chile Rise

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7
Q

What is unusual about the Chile Rise?

A

It is being subducted

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8
Q

Which plate is subducting the Chile Rise?

A

The South American plate

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9
Q

Where is the Chile Rise being subducted?

A

At the Peru-Chile trench

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10
Q

Did anyone die as a result of the 2015 eruption?

A

No

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11
Q

What had happened just a month before the eruption?

A

There had been floods in the north of the country and another volcano had also erupted.

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12
Q

What are 3 key dates in relation to this event?

A

22nd April
23rd April
1st May

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13
Q

What happened on the 22nd April?

A

Scientist detect an earthquake and one hour later, the volcano erupts.

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14
Q

On the 22nd April, how long did the eruption last?

A

90 mins

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15
Q

How big was the ash column that was created on the 22nd April?

A

49,000 feet

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16
Q

Where did the ash cloud drift to and what did it do?

A

It moved northeastwards and covered towns up to 18 miles away.

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17
Q

How long did the second eruption last for?

A

6 hours

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18
Q

When did the second eruption take place?

A

23rd April at 1pm

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19
Q

How many earthquakes were recorded during the second eruption?

A

Over 150 per hour

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20
Q

What else was produced as a result of the second eruption?

A

Another column of ash similar to the first one

21
Q

What happened on the 1st May?

A

The volcano erupted for the third time in 8 days.

22
Q

How many people were evacuated after the third eruption?

A

2,500- some of which had just returned from being evacuated earlier.

23
Q

What was the radius of the evacuation zone created on the 22nd April?

A

12.5miles

24
Q

Was the third eruption more or less intense than the others?

A

Less intense

25
Q

What had to be cancelled as a result of the eruption?

A

Flights

26
Q

Which problem, related to the ozone layer, became worse as a result of the event?

A

There was more ozone depletion with the Antarctic ozone hole increasing in size.

27
Q

What agricultural problem occurred as a result of the eruption?

A

Crops failed

28
Q

What percentage of Chile’s population works in the agricultural sector?

A

9.64%

29
Q

How much would the eruption cost the local economy?

A

$600 million

30
Q

How many cancellations did hotels see for the long weekend?

A

10%

31
Q

What type of farms were contaminated with lahars?

A

Salmon farms

32
Q

How far did the lahars travel?

A

9 miles

33
Q

What three plates are part of the triple junction?

A

Nazca
South American
Antarctic

34
Q

Which plate is being subducted?

A

The Nazca plate

35
Q

How much warning did people have before the first eruption?

A

One hour

36
Q

What are 3 environmental impacts of the eruption?

A

Lahars and pyroclastic flows contaminate water sources.
Habitats and ecosystems destroyed or disrupted.
Reduced visibility

37
Q

What are 3 economic impacts of the eruption?

A

Cleaning up water sources and land is expensive
More money needs to be invested in mitigation and prediction
Rebuilding infrastructure is expensive

38
Q

What are 3 social impacts?

A

Injures and trauma
Disruption to routine
Jobs in tourism as people come to visit the volcano

39
Q

Why might people visit the volcano?

A

Scenery
Hot weather (in Chile)
Horse riding
Trekking

40
Q

Why might people live near the volcano?

A

Fertile soil

41
Q

How many people were evacuated after the first eruption?

A

4000

42
Q

How many sheep and cattle had to be evacuated?

A

4000

43
Q

What had to be closed?

A

Schools

44
Q

Which city had to have emergency measures put in place?

A

Bariloche

45
Q

How far away from the volcano is Bariloche?

A

100km

46
Q

Why were emergency measures put in place for Bariloche?

A

Because of the movement of the ash cloud.

47
Q

What was difficult to clean up?

A

The 210million m3 of ash

48
Q

What is Chile’s emergency plan called?

A

Chile Prepares

49
Q

What happens as a result of Chile Prepares?

A

Each region has 6 emergency evacuations each year.

Hazards (15 decks)

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