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Geography Coasts > Hurricane Sandy > Flashcards

Hurricane Sandy Flashcards

1
Q

What was the Paris Climate Agreement 2015?

A

An international treaty aimed at combating climate change and limiting global warming.

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2
Q

What do locals in Bangladesh want the government to do regarding climate change?

A

Raise the embankment at least 29 ft high.

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3
Q

How many migrants are moving to a specific place in Bangladesh per year?

A

200,000 migrants.

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4
Q

What is the expected number of migrants in Bangladesh in the coming year?

A

It is expected to hit 1 million.

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5
Q

What year did Hurricane Sandy occur?

A

2012.

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6
Q

What were the maximum wind speeds of Hurricane Sandy?

A

Up to 100 mph.

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7
Q

What significant impact did Hurricane Sandy have on Manhattan?

A

Flooded large parts, including subways and tunnels.

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8
Q

What type of weather system is a tropical cyclone?

A

An organized area of thunderstorms with cyclonic winds over tropical or sub-tropical waters.

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9
Q

In which hemisphere do cyclonic winds rotate anticlockwise?

A

Northern hemisphere.

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10
Q

What are the effects of Hurricane Sandy beyond New York?

A

Caused mass power outages and destroyed thousands of homes and businesses in New Jersey.

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11
Q

What is the range of surface wind speeds for tropical cyclones?

A

Less than 38 mph for tropical depressions to over 160 mph for hurricanes.

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12
Q

Where do tropical cyclones typically form?

A

Over tropical oceans with sea surface temperatures of 27 °C or more.

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13
Q

What atmospheric conditions are necessary for the formation of tropical cyclones?

A

Wind speed does not vary greatly with height and surface winds blow from different directions.

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14
Q

What was the initial event that led to the formation of Hurricane Sandy?

A

A cluster of thunderstorms that left western Africa on 11 October 2012.

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15
Q

When did Sandy officially become a hurricane?

A

On 24 October 2012, just south of Jamaica.

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16
Q

What were the sustained wind speeds of Sandy as it crossed eastern Cuba?

A

Around 115 mph.

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17
Q

What significant weather event impacted Sandy’s path towards the USA?

A

An area of high pressure developing over Ontario.

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18
Q

Where did Sandy make landfall in the USA?

A

Near Atlantic City, New Jersey.

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19
Q

What were the sustained surface winds at Sandy’s landfall?

A

Close to 80 mph with gusts between 85 and 95 mph.

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20
Q

What unusual weather conditions coincided with Sandy’s arrival on the US coast?

A

High tide and spring tide.

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21
Q

What additional height did the tide add to the high water mark in New York City due to Sandy?

A

An extra 20 to 50 cm.

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22
Q

What were the impacts of Hurricane Sandy?

A

Extended to Canada, Wisconsin, Lake Michigan, eastern USA, Bahamas, Cuba, Haiti, Dominican Republic, and Jamaica.

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23
Q

How many direct deaths were attributed to Hurricane Sandy?

A

72 in the USA and others primarily in the Caribbean.

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24
Q

Fill in the blank: Sandy started life as a cluster of _______.

A

thunderstorms.

25
Q

True or False: Sandy was able to grow particularly small before making landfall.

A

False.

26
Q

What was one reason for the extensive damage caused by Sandy?

A

It was steered by a weather pattern developing over Canada.

27
Q

How many indirect deaths were caused by Hurricane Sandy in the USA?

A

87

These deaths were linked to factors such as carbon monoxide poisoning from generators during power outages.

28
Q

What was significant about Hurricane Sandy in relation to Cuba?

A

Cuba’s deadliest hurricane since 2005

Sandy was notable for causing significant fatalities in Cuba.

29
Q

What was the economic damage estimate for Hurricane Sandy in the USA?

A

Over $60 billion

This figure is based on 2012 values.

30
Q

How much economic loss did New York City experience due to Hurricane Sandy?

A

Exceeding $18 billion

This figure is part of the overall damage estimates for the hurricane.

31
Q

What were the damage estimates for Jamaica as a result of Hurricane Sandy?

A

$100 million

This was part of the overall economic impact of Sandy across the Caribbean.

32
Q

In terms of houses, how many were damaged or destroyed in New Jersey due to Sandy?

A

350,000

This number highlights the extensive impact of the hurricane on residential structures.

33
Q

What was the total number of power outages caused by Hurricane Sandy?

A

More than 8.5 million homes and businesses lost power

Power outages were reported from Indiana to Maine.

34
Q

Fill in the blank: Sandy is the largest hurricane on record in the Atlantic since at least _______.

A

1988

Sandy’s size was measured by the diameter of its gales.

35
Q

What was the recorded storm tide height in New York City during Hurricane Sandy?

A

More than 4 m above mean low water

This was a record high for New York, surpassing the previous record set in 1960.

36
Q

What was the maximum gust speed recorded during Hurricane Sandy in New York and New Jersey?

A

80 to 90 mph

These gusts contributed to the hurricane’s destructive power.

37
Q

How many flights were canceled due to Hurricane Sandy?

A

More than 18,000

This cancellation number reflects the widespread disruption caused by the storm.

38
Q

What was the rainfall total in Washington DC during Hurricane Sandy?

A

More than 125 mm

The rainfall varied significantly across different regions affected by the storm.

39
Q

True or False: Hurricane Sandy was the first hurricane to make landfall in Jamaica since 1988.

A

True

This emphasizes the rarity of hurricanes impacting Jamaica in that timeframe.

40
Q

What was the estimated damage in Haiti from Hurricane Sandy?

A

$750 million

This made Sandy Haiti’s costliest hurricane on record.

41
Q

What notable weather phenomena accompanied Hurricane Sandy in the Central Appalachians?

A

Heavy snow and blizzards

This occurred as the rain from Sandy transitioned to snow in the region.

42
Q

Fill in the blank: In the Dominican Republic, damage estimates from Hurricane Sandy exceeded _______.

A

$30 million

This highlights the storm’s impact across multiple countries.

43
Q

What was the height of the waves recorded in New York harbor during Sandy?

A

Close to 10 m

This was over 2 m higher than the previous record.

44
Q

What were the main causes of the 87 indirect deaths from Hurricane Sandy in the USA?

A

Falls by the elderly, carbon monoxide poisoning, hypothermia

Attributed to inadequate ventilation and power outages.

45
Q

What was significant about Hurricane Sandy in terms of its impact on Cuba?

A

Cuba’s deadliest hurricane since 2005

It caused significant damage and loss of life.

46
Q

How many hurricane deaths did Sandy cause in the USA outside of the southern states?

A

Greatest number since Hurricane Agnes in 1972

Specific death toll figures were notable.

47
Q

What was the estimated cost of damages from Hurricane Sandy in the USA?

A

Over $60 billion

Based on 2012 values.

48
Q

What were the economic losses estimated for New York City due to Hurricane Sandy?

A

Exceeding $18 billion

Significant impact on the city’s economy.

49
Q

What was the damage estimate for Haiti due to Hurricane Sandy?

A

$750 million

It became Haiti’s costliest hurricane on record.

50
Q

How many houses were damaged or destroyed in New Jersey due to Hurricane Sandy?

A

346,000 houses

This figure illustrates the extensive damage caused.

51
Q

What was the extent of power outages caused by Hurricane Sandy?

A

More than 8.5 million homes and businesses lost power

Power outages stretched from Indiana to Maine.

52
Q

What record did Hurricane Sandy achieve regarding its size?

A

Largest hurricane on record in the Atlantic since at least 1988

This was based on the diameter of gales.

53
Q

What were the wind gusts reported during Hurricane Sandy in New York and New Jersey?

A

80 to 90 mph

These gusts contributed to the extent of damage.

54
Q

What was the highest rainfall recorded in Washington DC during Hurricane Sandy?

A

More than 125 mm

This was significantly higher than typical amounts.

55
Q

What record storm tide was recorded in New York City during Hurricane Sandy?

A

More than 4 m above mean low water

This set a new record for storm tide in the city.

56
Q

What was notable about the waves recorded off New York during Hurricane Sandy?

A

Waves close to 10 m high

This was more than 2 m higher than the previous record.

57
Q

How many children in New York couldn’t attend school for a week

A

1 million

58
Q

How many people in New York didn’t have power

A

nearly 2 million

Geography Coasts (23 decks)

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