How do submerging and emergent coastlines form

Question 1

Submergent coastlines formation

Answer 1

These form when old glacial valleys that have since been submerged e.g fjords in Norway

Question 2

Emergent coastlines formation

Answer 2

These occur when land rises over thousands of years and can cause raised beaches such as in Scotland

Question 3

What are the three main types of rocks?

Answer 3

Igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic

Question 4

What are examples of igneous rocks?

Answer 4

Granite, diorite, basalt

Question 5

What is a characteristic of igneous rocks?

Answer 5

Crystalline, resistant, impermeable

Question 6

What are examples of sedimentary rocks?

Answer 6

Limestone, chalk, sandstone, shale

Question 7

How are sedimentary rocks formed?

Answer 7

From sediment accumulation and compaction

Question 8

What is a characteristic of jointed sedimentary rocks?

Answer 8

Permeable

Question 9

What makes chalk a unique sedimentary rock?

Answer 9

Has air spaces between particles

Question 10

What is a characteristic of shale?

Answer 10

Fine and compacted, making it impermeable

Question 11

What are examples of metamorphic rocks?

Answer 11

Marble, schist, slate

Question 12

What is a characteristic of metamorphic rocks?

Answer 12

Very hard, resistant, impermeable

Question 13

What are unconsolidated materials?

Answer 13

Loose and easily displaced materials

Question 14

What happens to unconsolidated materials when compacted?

Answer 14

Particles can stick together and form an impermeable layer

Question 15

Fill in the blank: Igneous rocks are _______.

Answer 15

crystalline, resistant, impermeable

Question 16

True or False: Metamorphic rocks are typically softer than sedimentary rocks.

Answer 16

False

Question 17

What is lithology?

Answer 17

The study of the physical and chemical characteristics of rocks.

Question 18

What are the characteristics of crystalline rocks?

Answer 18

Resistant and impermeable.

Question 19

Give examples of igneous rocks.

Answer 19

• Granite
• Basalt
• Dolerite

Question 20

What type of rocks are schist and slate?

Answer 20

Metamorphic.

Question 21

What are the characteristics of metamorphic rocks?

Answer 21

Very hard and resistant, impermeable.

Question 22

What is the typical recession rate for impermeable rocks?

Answer 22

Approximately 1 cm/year.

Question 23

What are examples of sedimentary rocks?

Answer 23

• Sandstone
• Limestone
• Shale
• Chalk

Question 24

What is the recession rate for sedimentary rocks?

Answer 24

Approximately 1-10 mm/year.

Question 25

What is the difference between discordant and concordant coastlines?

Answer 25

* Discordant: Layers of rock arranged perpendicular to the coastline. * Concordant: Layers of rock arranged parallel to the coastline.

Question 26

What is an example of a discordant coastline?

Answer 26

Jurassic coastline in Dorset.

Question 27

Fill in the blank: ______ are permeable rocks.

Answer 27

Sandstone

Question 28

Fill in the blank: ______ is a soft sedimentary rock.

Answer 28

Clay

Question 29

True or False: Chalk is a soft sedimentary rock.

Answer 29

False.

Question 30

List three types of hard sedimentary rocks.

Answer 30

* Limestone * Chalk * Sandstone

Question 31

What is the characteristic of clay in terms of hardness?

Answer 31

Soft.

Question 32

What is the meaning of impermeable in geology?

Answer 32

Not allowing fluids to pass through.

Question 33

What is the geological term for rocks that are resistant to erosion?

Answer 33

Hard rocks.