Coastal Landforms And Types Of Erosion Flashcards
What are wave cut-notches?
Erosion features at the base of a cliff formed by wave action
Wave cut-notches are created as waves erode the base of coastal cliffs.
What is a wave cut platform?
A flat area created by erosion at the base of a cliff, often exposed at low tide
Wave cut platforms are formed as cliffs collapse and retreat due to erosion.
What is the process that leads to the formation of caves along coastlines?
Erosion in areas weakened by faults
Caves are formed when waves erode weaker sections of the coastline, often in headlands.
What happens after a cave erodes through a headland?
It forms an arch, which may collapse to leave a stack
This process involves continuous erosion and weathering until a stack is left standing.
What influences cliff profiles?
The resistance of rock to erosion and the dip of strata
Geology plays a crucial role in how cliffs are shaped and how they erode.
What is the height of the Old Man of Hoy?
137 meters high
The Old Man of Hoy is the tallest sea stack in the UK.
What occurs when loose material collides together?
Clasts become smaller and rounder
This process is a result of mechanical weathering and abrasion.
True or False: Wave action can cause rocks and soil to become more angular over time.
False
Wave action typically causes rocks and soil to become smaller and rounder, not more angular.
What is hydraulic action in marine erosion?
The force of water trapped in cracks and crevices compresses against the cliff face
Hydraulic action is a significant process in coastal erosion where water pressure causes rock to fracture.
Define abrasion in the context of marine erosion.
The process where breaking waves throw sediment against the cliff face
Abrasion, also known as corrasion, contributes to the wearing down of rock surfaces.
What is corrosion in marine erosion?
The process where carbonate rocks, like limestone, are dissolved by rainwater and seawater
Corrosion predominantly affects coastal areas with limestone formations.
What does the term ‘shingle’ refer to?
Rocks and pebbles
Shingle often accumulates on beaches and is a key component in coastal environments.
Fill in the blank: Hydraulic action involves _______ trapped in cracks that is compressed by the force of water.
water
True or False: Abrasion only occurs with the presence of strong waves.
True
Strong waves are necessary for sediment to be effectively thrown against rock surfaces.
What type of rocks are particularly vulnerable to corrosion?
Carbonate rocks, such as limestone
These rocks can be significantly affected by acidic rainwater and seawater.
