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Clinical Psych > Humanistic & Constructivist > Flashcards

Humanistic & Constructivist Flashcards

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1
Q

Person-Centered Therapy was developed by _______ _________ and is also known as __________ ________ and ___________ ________

A
  1. Carl Rogers
  2. Client Centered Therapy
  3. Rogerian Therapy
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2
Q

Carl Rogers believed that people have an innate ___ __________ tendency that serves as a major source of _________

A
  1. Self Actualizing
  2. Motivation
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3
Q

According to Rogers, maladaptive behaviors occur when the self becomes__________ as the result of _________________________

and occurs when one experiences…

A

disorganized as the result of incongruence between self and experience

conditions of worth

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4
Q

According to Rogers, how does one attempt to alleviate anxiety?

A

through defense maneuvers of perceptual distortion and denial

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5
Q

The primary goal of Person Centered Therapy is…

A

to help the client achieve congruence between self and experience

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6
Q

In Person Centered Therapy, the “right environment” involves providing these three facilitative conditions

A

Unconditional Positive Regard (respect)

Genuineness (congruence)

Accurate Empathic Understanding

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7
Q

Unconditional Positive Regard involves these three aspects

A

genuine care

affirmation of the client’s worth

accept the client without judgment

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8
Q

Genuineness (Rogers)

A

therapist must be genuine, honest, and authentic

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9
Q

Accurate Empathic Understanding

A

therapists ability to see the world as the client does

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10
Q

According to Rogers, transference is…

A

Not a necessary component of person-centered therapy

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11
Q

Gestalt Therapy was founded by…

A

Fitz Perls

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12
Q

Gestalt therapy is based on the premise that…

A

everyone is capable of assuming responsibility for their own thoughts, feelings, and actions

Living as an integrated “whole”

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13
Q

Gestalt psychology focuses on…

A

perceptions (gestalts)

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14
Q

A person’s gestalts (perceptions) reflect their….

A

current needs

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15
Q

According to this theory, behavior can only be fully understood in its context

A

Gestalt

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16
Q

According to Perls (Gestalt), personality consists of these two aspects

A

the self and the self-image

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17
Q

in Gestalt therapy, the self is…

A

the creative aspect of personality that promotes tendency for self-actualization

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18
Q

In Gestalt Therapy, the self-image is…

A

the darker side of personality that hinders growth and self-actualization

19
Q

According to Gestalt Therapy (Perls), neurotic (maladaptive) behavior is considered a _________ disorder that involves _____________________

A

a growth disorder that involves abandonment of self for the self-image.

result of lack of integration

20
Q

Name the four major boundary disturbances in Gestalt therapy

A

Introjection
(person accepts concepts in the environment without fully understanding them. Overly compliant)

Projection
(Disowning aspects of the self by assigning them to other people; can result in paranoia)

Retroflection
(Doing to oneself what one wants to do to others)

Confluence
(Absence of boundary between self and environment, intolerant of differences, feelings of guilt and resentment)

21
Q

Gestalt therapists view transference as ____________ and respond to it by helping the client….

A

counterproductive

and respond to it by helping the client recognize the difference between their transference fantasy and reality

22
Q

Primary curative factor of Gestalt therapy is…

A

Awareness
(full understanding of one’s self in the here and now)

23
Q

Victor Frankl is a/an _______________ therapist

A

Existential

24
Q

According to existentialists, maladaptive behavior is the result of…

A

an inability to cope with ultimate concerns of existence (i.e., death, meaninglessness)

25
Q

What is existential anxiety?

A

A normal response to ultimate concerns and can serve as a source of motivation to grow

26
Q

What is neurotic anxiety?

A

The result of an attempt to avoid existential anxiety

out of proportion to the situation that elicited it

outside of conscious awareness

27
Q

The goal of existential therapy is to…

A

help clients live in more committed, self-aware, authentic, and meaningful ways

28
Q

In existential therapy, therapists help clients recognize their ________________________ and accept __________________

A

recognize their freedom to choose their own destinies

accept responsibility for changing their own lives

29
Q

What is the most important tool of existential therapy?

A

the therapist client relationship

30
Q

In existential therapy, paradoxical intervention is used to…

A

reduce a client’s fears by having the client focus in an exaggerated, humorous way

31
Q

Reality Therapy was founded by ____ _______ and is based on _____ theory.

A
  1. William Glasser
  2. Choice Theory
32
Q

According to Glasser, people have these five basic innate needs

(Reality Therapy)

A

survival
love and belonging
power
freedom
fun

33
Q

What is success identity in Reality therapy?

A

When one fulfills needs in a responsible way

(in a conscious and realistic manner that does not infringe on the rights of others)

34
Q

What is failure identity in Reality Therapy?

A

inability to satisfy needs
underlies most mental and emotional illness

35
Q

According to Glasser, mental illness is the result of…

A

one’s choices

Choice Theory

36
Q

Reality therapy rejects this model…

A

medical model

37
Q

Reality therapists view transference as…

A

detrimental to therapy progress

38
Q

Reality therapy emphasizes…

A

current behaviors, conscious processes, and value judgments

39
Q

In reality therapy, “total behavior” consists of…

A

thoughts, behaviors, emotions, and physiology.

primary emphasis is on thoughts and behaviors

40
Q

Personal Construct Theory was founded by _____ ______ and focuses on _____________________________.

A
  1. George Kelly
  2. how the client experiences the world
41
Q

According to Kelly, personal constructs are…

A

bipolar dimensions of meaning (happy/sad, competent/incompetent)

how one perceives, interprets, and predicts events

42
Q

According to Kelly, mental illness is the result of…

A

inadequate personal constructs

43
Q

In Personal Construct therapy, therapist and client are…

A

mutual experts and co-experimenters

Clinical Psych (8 decks)

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