Humanistic Approach (Maslow & Rogers)

Question 1

What is free will

Answer 1

Suggests full free conscious control over our destiny, we are active agents. Subjective experience is what is important and not scientific replicability

Question 2

What is self actualisation

Answer 2

The desire to reach full potential, we have innate needs for personal growth to feel fulfilled, satisfied and goal orientated.

Question 3

The hierarchy of needs (Maslow)

Answer 3

(Top)
         Self actualisation 
         Esteem 
         Love & belonging 
         Safety 
         Physiological 
(Bottom)

Question 4

What is congruence (Rogers)

Answer 4

Link between ideal self and self perception

Question 5

What is incongruence (Rogers)

Answer 5

Not having unconditioned positive regard as a child. Client centred therapy aims to reduce the gap between ideal self and self perception

Question 6

Evaluation: strength

Answer 6

Not reductionist: greater validity as it takes a more holistic view by considering all of the different factors that make a person unique

Question 7

Evaluation: strength

Answer 7

Practical application: influenced modern counselling by helping people raise their self esteem

Question 8

Evaluation: strength

Answer 8

Positive approach: focuses on positive aspects of human nature of how to achieve greater happiness in life

Question 9

Evaluation: weakness

Answer 9

Based on untestable concepts: difficult to scientifically measure congruence & self actualisation

Question 10

Evaluation: weakness

Answer 10

Cultural biased: more reflective of individualist cultures who encourage their inhabitants to achieve their potential in life. Collectivist cultures do not encourage these traits