humanistic approach Flashcards
what are the main assumptions of the humanistic approach?
free will
focus on self
congurance
heirachy of needs
conditions of worth
who came up with the humanistic approach?
Maslow(1943)
what caused Maslow to come up with his theory ?
he wan’t intrested in what could go wrong with people , he was interested in what could go right with them
what did Maslow’s heirachy emphasise?
personal growth and fulfilment
what is the heiracy of needs?
basic physiological needs at the bottom and the most advanced needs at the top.
each level must be fulfilled before a person can be moved up the pyramid
Maslow believed the more basic the need , the more powerfully it is experienced and the harder it is to ignore
what is self actualisation?
highest level
those who reached this level tended to have certain shared qualities such as creativity ,accepting of other people and an accurate perception of those around them. Maslow believed people experienced self actualisation through peak experiences.These are moments of extreme inspiration and ecstasy ,where all doubt and fear are left behind .
from top to bottom list the categories of Maslow’s heirachy of needs?
self acculisation
esteem
love and belonging
saftey
physiological
explain esteem?
self esteem ,confidence ,acheivement, respect of others ,respect by others
explain love and belonging
friendship, family and sexual intimacy
explain safety?
security of body ,finance, morality, resources, family ,health ,property.
explain physiological ?
breathing ,food ,water ,sex ,sleep ,homeostatis , excretion.
explain focus on self ?
self concept
who came up with self concept?
Rodgers(1951
what did Rodgers(1951) claim?
people have two basic needs:
positive regard from other people
a feeling of self worth
the feelings of self worth significantly impact a persons psychological health.
when and how are feelings of self worth developed?
in childhood
as a result of a child interactions with parents .Further interactions with significant others also influence the persons feelings of self worth
the closer our self concept and self worth are too each other….
the greater our feelings of self worth and the greater our psychological health
what is congruence?
when a persons ideal self and their self concept are similar
what is it when there is a diffrent between ideal self and self concept?
incongurance
who came up with conditions of worth?
Rodgers(1959)
what is it called when love and acceptance are unconditional?
unconditional positive regard
explain conidtions of worth?
love and acceptance is conditional
individuals will only experience feelings of self worth if they meet the conditions others have imposed upon them in order to be loved and accepted.
what did Rogers (1959) beleive caused pychological problems
conditions of worth and conditional positive regard
what is counselling psychology
helps people solve their problems in a constructive manner and become a more fully functional person.
Humanistic psychologists view themselves as guides pr facilitators
enable people to reach self acculisation
who do therapists provide in counselling ?
what does this do to help client work towards?
empathy and positive regard .Expressing acceptance and understanding ,despite what they may want to express.
this provides a positive and safe environment to help dissolve the patients conditions of worth. Works toward client being more authentic and more true to self
