Human - Urban

Question 1

What are the zones of a city?

Answer 1

CBD, Inner City, Suburbs, and rural-urban fringe

Question 2

What is the CBD?

Answer 2

• The oldest part of a city
• The centre of a city
• The most accessible location
• Central location for road and rail transport

Question 3

What is the Inner City?

Answer 3

• The area surrounding the CBD
• Made of old 19th century industrial buildings and tenements

Question 4

What are the Suburbs?

Answer 4

• The outskirts of the city
• Cheaper land and house prices
• Easy car access

Question 5

What is the Rural/Urban Fringe?

Answer 5

• Where the countryside meets the city
• Cheap land being built on (urban sprawl)
• Mixture of shopping centres, offices, airports, golf courses, and farmland

Question 6

Name some features of the CBD

(6 points)

Answer 6

• Tall, high density buildings and a lack of open space
• Major transport links (big roads, train and bus stations)
• Tourist information centres
• Cultural and historical buildings
• Museums
• Grid - iron street pattern

Question 7

Name some features of the inner city

(4 points)

Answer 7

• Empty brownfield sites
• Evidence of industry (past and present) e.g. works, ports, factories, mines, etc
• Grid iron street pattern
• High density housing and a lack of green space

Question 8

Name some features of the suburbs

(3 points)

Answer 8

• Curvilinear streets and cul-de-sacs
• Low density buildings, lots of green spaces
• Public buildings like schools and leisure centres

Question 9

Name some features of the rural/urban fringe

(5 points)

Answer 9

• Lots of open space
• Out of town shopping centres
• Park and rides
• New housing estates
• Countryside and golf courses

Question 10

Name some advantages of the devolpment of a site in the rural/urban fringe

(6 points)

Answer 10

• Flat land so it’s easier to build on
• Nearby residential areas provide workers
• Nearby city provides customers
• Land on city outskirts is cheap to buy
• Roads, trams, trains, and park and rides provide easy access for customers and construction works
• Room for expansion or additional car parking is available if needed

Question 11

Name some disadvantages of the devolpment of a site in the rural/urban fringe

Answer 11

• Locals (e.g. farmers) may object to plans
• Forests may need to be cleared, costing money and raising environmental objections
• Rivers may run through the land, increasing the building costs
• The land may not be flat, increasing building costs

Question 12

Urban sprawl

Answer 12

The spreading of urban developments on undeveloped land near a city

Question 13

Greenbelt

Answer 13

An area of open land around a city on which building is restricted

Question 14

Greenfield site

Answer 14

Undeveloped areas within or outside a city

Question 15

Brownfield sites

Answer 15

Previously developed land that is not currently in use

Question 16

Recent changes in the CBD, why they happened, and named Glasgow examples

Answer 16

• Large shopping centres have opened/been rennovated - to protect shoppers from weather and provide more parking and entertainment(St. Enoch Centre & Buchanan Galleries)
• Pound shops moving in - an increase in space due to derelict shops
• Shops closed - Increase in online shopping and out-of-town shooping centres (Buchanan and Sauchiehall Sts)
• Wider, pedestrianised streets and bike lanes - Make the city more attractive, safer, and less polluted (Avenues Project)
• Opening new hotels - to attract people into the city centre for weekend breaks and holidays (Motel One by Central Station)
• Demolition of historic buildings to make way for rental properties - to attract young professionals into the city (Pitt Street police station demolished to make room for flats)
• Improved public transport - to encourage people to take public and reduce congestion (more bus lanes)
• Multistorey car parks reduce cars parked on the street causing congestion

Question 17

Recent changes in the Inner City, why they happened, and named Glasgow examples

(7 points)

Answer 17

• Local services have been refurbished - To make the area an attractive place to live (Glasgow Club Gorbals
• Renovated tenements - to improve the living quality (double glazing) (Gorbals)
• Renovated public transport - to improve quality of public transport and reduce congestion (Partick Exchange)
• New low rise flats replace old high rises - to provide new housing (Gorbals crown street)
• Derelict warehouses into art cultural venues - brings employment and money (SWG3)
• Light industrial units - brings money to the area (manufacturing)
• Old industrial buildings turned into tourist attractions and small industry - attract tourists (Clydeside Distillery and Riverside Museum)

Question 18

Push factors for migrating into Mumbai

Answer 18

• Education and heath standards are lower in rural areas
• Farming jobs are harder due to climate change and inflation
• More technology bad for traditional farmers because they can’t afford it
• Income from farming can be low

Question 19

Pull factors for migrating into Mumbai

Answer 19

• Improved job prospects and higher wages
• Improved healthcare with hospitals and dentists
• Better schools and universities
• Friends and family already there can provide support

Question 20

What are self - help schemes doing in Dharavi?

Answer 20

• Providing cleaned and maintained toilet blocks
• Providing better quality building materials so people can improve their homes (e.g. bricks and cement)
• Providing safe electricity connections
• Improved sewage to prevent the spread of disease
• People given rights to the land
• Health clinics and schools set up

Question 21

What is the Dharavi redevelopment plan?

Answer 21

A plan involving bulldozing Dharavi and rebuilding it with low - rise flats (can only house a portion of the residents)

Question 22

What is Navi Mumbai?

Answer 22

High-rise flats built outside Mumbai with facilities such as plumbing and safe electricity