Human T Lymphocyte Virus

Question 0

Tropism

Answer 0

Human T cells (CD4)

Question 1

Genetic organization?
Envelope?
Capsid symmetry?

Answer 1

Genetic: Group VI (ssRNA)
Envelope: Yes
Capsid: icoshedral

Question 2

How are HTLV1 and HTLV2 different?

Answer 2

HTLV2 is less pathological

Question 3

Demographics more common for HTLV2?

Answer 3

Native Americans, and South American Indians (and Asians)

Question 4

How does HTLV enter into the cell?

Answer 4

GLUT1 transporter

Question 5

To become a provirus, HTLV…

Answer 5

integrates its DNA into the host cell, including structural genes gag, pol, env, and, most importantly, Tax

Question 6

How does Tax affect host gene transcription?

Answer 6

upregulating transcription factors, and transcription on its own

Question 7

Genes upregulated by HTLV’s Tax?

Answer 7

NF-kB, CREB, IL2, IL2 receptor (IL2 is involved in self-proliferation)

Question 8

Genes downregulated by HTLV

Answer 8

p53

Question 9

HTLV infections lead to transformation ___ of the time

Answer 9

2-4%

Question 10

A typical ATL (adult or acute T lymphoma) presentation is…

Answer 10

generalized lymphadenopathy, visceral involvement, hypercalcemia, cutaneous skin involvement, lytic bone lesions,

Question 11

HTLV-1 associated myelopathy (HAM) happens when…

Answer 11

Autoimmune destruction of the spinal cord

Question 12

Presentation of HAM is

Answer 12

Stiff back, impotency, incontinence, weakness in legs, back pain