Human resource management 2.1 Flashcards
Define the term “Human resource management” (HRM)
The strategic approach to the effective management of an organization’s workers so that they help the business gain a competitive advantage.
Define the term “Recruitment”
The process of identifying the need for a new employee, defining the job to be filled and the type of person needed to fill it and attracting suitable candidates for the job.
Define the term “Selection”
Steps to interview, test, and choose the most suitable person for a job.
Define the term “Job description”
A detailed list of the qualities and qualifications that a successful applicant will need to have.
What is the purpose and role of a HRM?
- Workforce planning
- Recruitment and selection
- Developing employees
- Employment contracts
- Ensuring HRM operates across the business
- Employee morale and welfare
- Incentive systems
What are the steps for recruiting and selecting staff?
- Establishing the exact nature of the job vacancy and drawing up a job description.
- Drawing up a person specification.
- Preparing job advertisement.
- Drawing up a shortlist of applicants.
- Selecting between the applicants.
What must a job description include?
- Job title
- Details of the tasks to be performed
- Responsibilities involved
- Place in the hierarchical structure
- Working conditions
- How the job will be assessed and performance measured
Define the term “Internal recruitment”
The process of filling a vacancy in a business by promoting an existing employee applicant.
Define the term “External recruitment”
The process of filling a vacancy in a business by recruiting an outside applicant.
List 5 Advantages of internal recruitment.
Answers may include :
- Applicants may already be known to the selection team.
- Applicants will already know the organization and its internal methods - no need for induction training.
- Culture of the organization will be well understood by the applicants.
- Often quicker than external recruitment.
- Likely to be cheaper than using external advertising and recruitment agencies.
- Gives internal staff a career structure and chances to progress.
List 3 Disadvantages of internal recruitment.
- No new ideas to benefit from.
- Limited number of candidates to chose from.
- Jealousy make take place between employees which will decrease their productivity.
List 3 Advantages of external recruitment.
Answers may include :
- External applicants will bring new ideas and practices to the business.
- Wide choice of potential applicants.
- Avoids resentment sometimes felt by existing staff.
- Standards of applicants could be higher in comparison to the internal applicants.
Define the term “Labor turnover”
Measure the rate of which employees are leaving an organization.
How can one measure the labor turnover of an organization?
No. of employees leaving in 1 year / avg. no. of people employed X100
Define the term “Employment contract”
A legal document that sets out the terms and conditions governing a workers job.
What are the costs of high labor turnover?
- Cost of recruiting, selecting, and training new staff.
- Poor output levels and customer service due to staff vacancies before new recruits are appointed.
- Difficult to establish team spirit.
What are the potential benefits of high labor turnover?
- Low-skilled employees and less productive employees may be leaving.
- New ideas and practices are brought into an organization by new workers.
- A business that plans to reduce staff numbers anyways due to rationalization.
Define the term “Training”
Work related education to increase workforce skills and efficiency.
What are the three types of training?
- Induction training
- On the job training
- Off the job training
Define the term “Induction training”
Introductory training program to familiarize a new recruit with the systems used in the business and the layout of the business site.
Define the term “On the job training”
Instruction at the work place on how a job should be carried out.
Define the term “Off the job training”
All training undertaken away from the business.
List 2 Advantages of induction training.
- It is a legal requirement so it should be conducted to avoid being fined
- Employees will do less errors.
List 3 Disadvantages of induction training.
- Employees are getting paid without contributing to output.
- Delays when an employee starts the job.
- Increase cost.
List 3 Advantages of On the job training.
- Some output produced while training.
- Lower cost than off the job training.
- Training is specifically related to the business’s needs.
List 3 Disadvantages of On the job training.
- The output for trainer will decrease when training the new employees
- Trainer might pass bad habits to new employees.
- Employees might make errors while learning.
What is the advantage of Off the job training?
Access to recent ways of operation/data provided by experts.
List 2 Disadvantages of Off the job training?
- More costly than on the job training
- Might not be specifically related to the business’s needs.
Define the term “Employee appraisal”
The process of assessing the effectiveness of an employee judged against pre-set objectives.
Define the term “Dismissal”
Being dismissed from a job due to incompetence or breach of discipline.
Define the term “Unfair dismissal”
Ending a worker’s employment contract for a reason that the law regards as being unfair.
Define the term “Redundancy”
When a job is no longer required, the employee performing this job becomes unnecessary through no fault of their own.
Define the term “Work-life balance”
A situation in which employees are able to give right amount of time and effort to work and their personal life outside of work.
Define the term “Equality policy”
Practices and processes aimed at achieving a fair organization where everyone is treated fairly in the same way.
Define the term “Diversity policy”
Practices and processes aimed at creating a mixed workforce and placing positive value on diversity in the workplace.
