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Science > Human Reproduction + Genetics > Flashcards

Human Reproduction + Genetics Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Fallopians tube

A

Carry the eggs to the uterus

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2
Q

Overies

A

Store and release aggs

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3
Q

Uterus

A

Where the fertilised egg becomes implanted and finds nourishment

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4
Q

Cervix

A

Leads from the vagina to the uterus

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5
Q

Vagina

A

Holds the male penis sexual intercourse

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6
Q

Menstruation/period

A

The lining and a small amount of blood pass out through the vagina (day 1-5)

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7
Q

Fertile period

A

These are the days of the most menstrual cycle when the women is the most likely to become pregnant

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8
Q

Menopause

A

Signals the end of a female’s ability to reproduce and also the end of her menstrual cycle. It happens at different ages for different people, typically in the late 40’s to early 50’s

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9
Q

Testes

A

Produce sperm

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10
Q

Scrotum

A

Where the testes are it is located outside the body to ensure the temperature is lower than the body temperature for healthy sperm

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11
Q

Epididymis

A

A coiled up tube on the outside of each testis that stores sperm and allows them to mature fully

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12
Q

Vas deferens

A

Brings the sperm from the testis to the penis

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13
Q

Seminal vesicles, prostate gland and cowper’s gland

A

Produce seminal fluid which mixes with sperm to form semen , it nourishes the sperm and allow them to swim

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14
Q

Penis

A

Enters the female and ejaculates semen

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15
Q

Puberty

A

describes when the body starts becoming sexually mature (reproductive organs develop). It normally happens between the ages of 10 and 16

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16
Q

Male puberty

A

In males, sex hormones (testosterone) are released causing the voIce to deepen, hair grows around the sex organs, face, chest and underarms, the testes and penis grow bigger and start to produce sperm.

17
Q

Female puberty

A

In females when the sex hormones (oestrogen and progesterone)
are released the breasts develop. hips widen, and hair begins to grow on the body

18
Q

During intercourse the mans

A

penis fills with blood and becomes hard enough to be placed inside the woman’s vagina

19
Q

The sperm swim

A

up the uterus and into the fallopian tubes

20
Q

Fertilisation

A

If an egg is present in the fallopian tube, and a couple have sexual intercourse, then one of the sperm cells may fuse with it

21
Q

The nuclei of the sperm and egg fuse together to form a

A

Fertilised egg

22
Q

Egg and sperm fuse to form a single

A

Zygote

23
Q

Cell division occurs and growth

A

Embryo

24
Q

Embryo, which attaches to the lining of the uterus (implantation) grows more, and after 8 weeks looks like a human

A

Foetus

25
Q

The average length of a human pregnancy is 40 weeks

A
26
Q

Pregnancy

A

The average length of a human pregnancy is 40 weeks
As the embryo develops in the uterus it is protected inside a bag of fluid called amniotic fluid
This fluid provides a cushion for the embryo

27
Q

Umbilical cord

A

A tube that joins the embryo to the placenta

28
Q

Birth

A

The birth of a baby begins when the uterus muscles start to contract
• This is called labour
• The bag of amniotic fluid bursts “waters break” and further contractions push the baby out usually head first, through the vagina
• The umbilical cord is cut and the placenta (afterbirth) comes out after

29
Q

Family planning

A

To control the number of children you have you need to control the number of times fertilisation takes place
Natural methods of contraception aim to detect the day ovulation takes place and avold Intercourse during the fertile period

30
Q

Asexual reproduction

A

Involves one parent
This plant is identical to the parent
E.g potatoes, strawberries spider plant

31
Q

Inheritable characteristics

A

Many physical characteristics such as eye colour and shape of ears were inherited from your parent

32
Q

Chromosomes

A

The nucleus of each sex cell (gamete) contains 23 thread like structures called Chromoso

33
Q

Chromosomes are made of

A

protein + DNA. These chromosomes carry gen

34
Q

Genes

A

are chemicals found on chromosomes that pass on information from parents to children

35
Q

DNA:

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid

36
Q

46 chromosomes

A

When an egg and sperm cell fuse (each has 23 chromosomes) they give the individual they are creating 46 chromosom

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