Human Physiology Lab Flashcards

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1
Q

homestasis

A

an organism regulating its internal environment

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2
Q

temperature regulation

A

when it gets too hot: body can sweat, or go through vasodilation
when it gets too cold: body can shiver, get goosebumps, vasoconstriction

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3
Q

define vasodilation & vasoconstriction

A

vasodilation: expanding surface blood vessels
vasoconstriction: constricting surface blood vessels

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4
Q

why do mammals from the arctic have small ears and mammals from the desert have large ones

A

desert animals: allow heat to release through large ear
arctic animals: allows heat to stay in

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5
Q

how does planting allow a dog to lower its body temperature

A

they don’t have sweat glands so panting allows heat to release as steaming air

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6
Q

why are desert animals typically pale in color? why are most of them active at night?

A

reflects the heat from the sun; its colder

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7
Q

control of ventilation

A

breathing in and out

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8
Q

hyperventilation

A

accentuated breathing conditions which considerably decrease the body’s carbon levels because more gas is being exhaled than is being replaced by metabolism

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9
Q

what happens to body oxygen levels as you hold your breath? why?

A

it goes down, because during C/R you use your oxygen levels

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10
Q

what happens to body carbon levels as you hold your breath? why?

A

it goes up, because during C/R you produce more carbon

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11
Q

which gas stimulates the respiratory system to breathe when you try to hold your breath?

A

carbon; when you reach maximum carbon levels you breathe out.

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12
Q

what happens to your breath-holding ability after hyperventilation? why?

A

you are able to hold your breath in longer, because your carbon levels are below normal carbon levels

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13
Q

reflexes

A

automatic responses to adverse environmental stimuli

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14
Q

components of a reflex arc

A

receptor: perceive the stimulus
sensory neuron: send information to the C.N.S
spinal cord or brain: processes the information
motor neuron: relay information from the C.N.S
effector: modify bodily actions

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15
Q

patella reflex

A

automatic reflex; simplest reflexes of the body

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16
Q

pupillary reflex

A

automatic reflex;

17
Q

how does convergence aid in the focusing of the eye while observing objects closely?

A

helps you focus on the object close to you

17
Q

pupiles response to light? how does this aid visual perception?

A

pupile retracts; this doesn’t allow as much light to pass through (doesn’t blind you)