Human Physiology Lab Flashcards
homestasis
an organism regulating its internal environment
temperature regulation
when it gets too hot: body can sweat, or go through vasodilation
when it gets too cold: body can shiver, get goosebumps, vasoconstriction
define vasodilation & vasoconstriction
vasodilation: expanding surface blood vessels
vasoconstriction: constricting surface blood vessels
why do mammals from the arctic have small ears and mammals from the desert have large ones
desert animals: allow heat to release through large ear
arctic animals: allows heat to stay in
how does planting allow a dog to lower its body temperature
they don’t have sweat glands so panting allows heat to release as steaming air
why are desert animals typically pale in color? why are most of them active at night?
reflects the heat from the sun; its colder
control of ventilation
breathing in and out
hyperventilation
accentuated breathing conditions which considerably decrease the body’s carbon levels because more gas is being exhaled than is being replaced by metabolism
what happens to body oxygen levels as you hold your breath? why?
it goes down, because during C/R you use your oxygen levels
what happens to body carbon levels as you hold your breath? why?
it goes up, because during C/R you produce more carbon
which gas stimulates the respiratory system to breathe when you try to hold your breath?
carbon; when you reach maximum carbon levels you breathe out.
what happens to your breath-holding ability after hyperventilation? why?
you are able to hold your breath in longer, because your carbon levels are below normal carbon levels
reflexes
automatic responses to adverse environmental stimuli
components of a reflex arc
receptor: perceive the stimulus
sensory neuron: send information to the C.N.S
spinal cord or brain: processes the information
motor neuron: relay information from the C.N.S
effector: modify bodily actions
patella reflex
automatic reflex; simplest reflexes of the body
