Human Performance Flashcards
What effect does deteriorating performance have on the ATCO?
It affects confidence
What Licencing action can be taken as a result of deteriorating competence?
Suspension or
Revocation
ATCO incompetence - how would you address?
Talk to ATCO
raise with Line manager.
What are the 3 types of performance classification according to the Rasmussen Model?
Skill
Knowledge
Rule
What are Skill based behaviours?
Routine activities conducted automatically and do not require conscious allocation of attentional resources - Determined by stored, preprogrammed patterns of instructions.
Unable to verbalise
What are Knowledge based behaviours?
Those in which stored rules no longer apply and a novel situation is presented for which a plan must be developed to solve a problem.
In contrast to set rules, plans are often required to be changed based on the situation.
Attention must be allocated to the behaviour and, therefore, performance is goal-controlled.
What are Rule based behaviours?
Activities controlled by a set of stored rules or procedures
Typically based on specific ability and the rules for performance can be verbalised. The distinction
between rule and skill based is the attention and level of training of each individual.
What is Stress?
Your body’s way of responding to any kind of demand (caused by both good and bad
experiences).
When people feel stressed their bodies release chemicals - these chemicals give people
more energy and strength, which can be a good or a bad thing depending on the situation.
What are the various types of Stress?
Survival Stress (Fight or Flight)
Internal Stress (Worry)
Environmental Stress (Response to world around you)
Fatigue & Overwork (Minimised through adequate breaks)
What personal Factors induce Stress in ATC?
Continuous high task demands
Numerous ill-equipped a/c with inexperienced pilots; Traffic and equipment mis-matches
Misuse of sophisticated equipment;
Inexperienced or unpredictable colleagues
Divisions and allocation of work
Vague or ambiguous ATC procedures
What outside factors can induced stress?
Insufficient support
Unsupportive management
Conditions of employment
Working hours - Can lead to Night shift Fatigue – ‘4 am syndrome’
Talent insufficient for task
Reduced ability to cope with stress
Reduced ability to cope with shift work
Financial and domestic worries;
Bereavement
illness
drugs
alcohol
Personal disappointment or disillusionment.
What are the various stages of Stress?
Boredom
Stimulated
Effective
Optimum
Overload
Irritable
Anxious
Burnout.
What is Boredom?
It’s a subjective state of being weary & restless through lack of interest and a feeling
that the day or period is dull or tediou
What induces Boredom?
Monotony (not confined to simple or repetitive tasks) – more likely to arise
with good performance;
Increased by some of the following:
Passivity alertness;
Requirement to maintain;
Fewer opportunities to demonstrate skills;
Less need for human intervention;
Reduced challenge of job;
Reduction of esteem in which job held.
How can we alleviate Boredom?
Allow controllers as much freedom as possible to control and schedule their own workload
Try to keep staff levels adjusted so that there is always sufficient skilled
work to do
Design workspaces, equipment and tasks so that they promote a hierarchy of skills, and
provide opportunities to use those skills
Allow controllers to select the appropriate level of automated assistance
Try to ensure that individuals are not alone at work - for the prevalence and consequences of
boredom are often less serious among groups than individuals.
