Human Nutrition 2 Flashcards
How are biological molecules built and what to they build?
They build organisms using repeating basic molecules
What is the most abundant molecule in living cells?
H2O
What are the four main biological molecules?
Proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids
What do proteins and carbohydrates have in common?
They are both polymers
What are the monomers that polymers are made up of?
Amino acids
Monosaccharides
Nucleotides
Give examples of proteins and carbohydrates:
Meat
Fish
Eggs
Dairy
Nuts
What are the components of a lipid?
Glycerol and three fatty acids
What is the main function of a lipid?
insulation
What is the main function of a carbohydrate?
Energy
What is the main function of a protein?
Growth and repair
What elements are proteins made of?
C, H, O, N, sometimes S
What elements are carbohydrates and lipids both made up of?
C, H,O
What is the test for glucose?
heat with benedicts solution and if it turns from transparent blue to brick red you have a positive result
What is the test for starch?
Add iodine to a dimple tray, if it turns from orange to blue/black then its a positive result
What is the test for protein?
Add biuret reagent to a dimple tray and if it turns form transparent blue to lilac then it’s a positive test
What is the test for lipids (fats)
Add ethanol and water to a test tube along witha fatty food and shake until it turns form clear to cloudy white
How can we see what nutrient foods contain?
Using specific biochemical tests
What is a polymer?
Long chain of repeating monomers
What is the function of glucose?
Short term energy
What are the five groups of proteins?
Carriers
Defenders
Enzymes
Hormones
Structural
What is the function of cellulose?
Forms plant cell walls
What is the function of glycogen?
Regulates blood sugar levels
What is the function of starch?
Stores energy
