Human Nutrition Flashcards
What are the 7 groups of food substances that allow our body to work properly and stay healthy?
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Minerals
Vitamins
Fiber
Water
What is the function and sources of carbohydrates ?
Provide energy
Pasta, rice, sugar
What is the function and sources of protein ?
Needed for growth and repair tissue, and to provide energy in emergencies
Meat, fish
What is the function and sources of lipids ?
Provide energy, act as an energy store and provide insulation
Butter, oily fish
What is the function and sources of Vitamin A?
Helps to improve vision,keep your skin and hair healthy
Liver
What is the function and sources of vitamin C?
To prevent scurvy
Fruit (oranges)
What is the function and sources of vitamin D?
Calcium absorption
Eggs
What is the function and sources of mineral oils calcium?
Needed to make bones and teeth
Milk,cheese
What is the function and sources of mineral ions iron?
Needed to make haemoglobin-for healthy blood
Red meat
What is the function and sources of water ?
Every bodily function relies on water,we need constant supply to replace water lost through urinating, breathing and sweating
Food and drinks
What is the function and sources of dietary fibre ?
AIDS the movement of food through the gut
Wholemeal bread, fruit
What is monomers?
Small molecules that join together to make polymers
What is elements?
Substances made up of one kind of atom
What elements does carbohydrates contain?
Carbon, oxygen and hydrogen
What are the complex carbohydrates?
Starch
glycogen
What are simple carbohydrates?
Glucose
Sucrose
Fructose
What elements does lipids contain?
Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
What enzyme breaks down lipids?
Lipase
Example of lipids?
Fats and oils
What elements does proteins contain?
Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen (sometimes sulfur)
What is proteins made out of?
Amino acids
What enzyme breaks down proteins?
Protease
What is lipids made of?
fatty acids and glycerol
What happens to enzymes when temperature is increased?
Gain kinetic energy
More collisions
More often
Increase rate of reaction
Where can you find amylase?
Mouth
Where can u find protease?
Stomach
Where can you find lipase?
Small intestine
What is optimum pH of an enzyme?
This is where the enzyme works best so the rate of the reaction is at its maximum
