Human nervous system

Question 1

how many neurones in a human

Answer 1

100 billion

Question 2

glial cells

Answer 2

• don’t signal
• maintenance roll
• astrocytes, oligodendrocyte and microglial

Question 3

astrocyte

Answer 3

• maintain external environment of neurone
• oligodendrocyte makes up myeline sheath
• microglial activate during brain infection

Question 4

neurone : glial

Answer 4

1:1

Question 5

parts of CNS

Answer 5

spinal chord, brainstem (medulla, pons and midbrain), cerebellum and the forebrain (diencephalon and the cerebrum)

Question 6

spinal chord divisions

Answer 6

cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and coccygea

Question 7

PNS

Answer 7

axons and nerve cells outside CNS

Question 8

ganglia

Answer 8

accumulation of nerve cells and glial cells

Question 9

sensory ganglia

Answer 9

dorsal root or cranial nerve send axons to specialised receptors to process stimuli

Question 10

ANS

Answer 10

• sympathetic : fight/flight
• parasymp : rest/digest

Question 11

Para

Answer 11

ganglia found in organ they innervate

Question 12

symp

Answer 12

ganglia along vertebral column send axons to targets

Question 13

enteric division

Answer 13

ganglia in wall of gut

Question 14

gyri

Answer 14

convex convulsions

Question 15

sulci

Answer 15

concavities between gyri

Question 16

fissures

Answer 16

deep sulci

Question 17

cerebral cortex

Answer 17

continuous sheet of neurones around hemispheres

Question 18

division between frontal and parietal lobe, distinguishing motor and sensory cortices

Answer 18

central sulcus

Question 19

frontal lobe gyri

Answer 19

• precentral : in motor cortex innervating skeletal muscles
• orbital
• superior, middle and inferior frontal gyri

Question 20

parietal lobe gyri

Answer 20

• post-central : somatosensory cortex
• angular : language, maths and attention

Question 21

division between frontal and temporal lobe

Answer 21

sylvian fissure

Question 22

superior temporal lobe

Answer 22

audition

Question 23

inferior temporal lobe

Answer 23

object recognition and high order visual information

Question 24

sagittal plane

Answer 24

splits into two hemispheres

Question 25

coronal or frontal plane

Answer 25

splits into front and back

Question 26

horizontal plane

Answer 26

splits into top and bottom

Question 27

anterior

Answer 27

back

Question 28

posterior

Answer 28

front

Question 29

dorsal

Answer 29

top

Question 30

superior

Answer 30

top

Question 31

ventral

Answer 31

bottom

Question 32

inferior

Answer 32

bottom

Question 33

basil ganglia

Answer 33

• middle
• made of caudate nucleus, putamen and globulus pallidus

Question 34

thalamus

Answer 34

sensory info except for smell
passes to cerebral cortex

Question 35

association tract

Answer 35

in hemisphere from one region to another

Question 36

comissure

Answer 36

cross hemisphere

Question 37

projection

Answer 37

brain to spinal chord