Human memory: Encoding and storage Flashcards

1
Q

Activation

A

A measure of both the probability and the speed of access of a memory.

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2
Q

Articulatory process

A

In Baddeley’s theory of working memory, a component of the phonological loop, an “inner voice” that rehearses verbal information.

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3
Q

Auditory sensory store

A

Or echoic memory; a memory system that can briefly store auditory information.

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4
Q

Central executive

A

In Baddeley’s theory, a system that controls how the articulatory process and the visuospatial sketchpad are used.

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5
Q

Depth of processing

A

The theory that rehearsal improves memory only if the material is rehearsed in a deep and meaningful way.

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6
Q

Elaborative processing

A

Thinking of information that relates to and expands on information that needs to be remembered.

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7
Q

Flashbulb memories

A

Particularly good memory for an event that is very important.

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8
Q

Long-term potentiation (LTP)

A

A neuron’s increased sensitivity to stimulation as a function of past stimulation.

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9
Q

Memory span

A

The amount of information that can be perfectly retained in an immediate test of memory.

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10
Q

Method of loci

A

A mnemonic technique used to associate items to be remebered with locations along a well-known path.

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11
Q

Partial-report procedure

A

A procedure in visual-report experiments in which participants are cued to report only some of the items in a display.

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12
Q

Phonological loop

A

Part of Baddeley’s proposed for rehearsing verbal information.

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13
Q

Phonological store

A

In Baddeley’s theory of working memory, a component of the phonological loop, an “inner ear” that briefly stores inner speech.

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14
Q

Power function

A

A function in which the independent variable X is raised to a power to obtain the dependent variable Y, as in Y = AX^b.

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15
Q

Power law of learning

A

The principle that memory performance improves as a power function of practice.

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16
Q

Short-term memory

A

A proposed intermediate memory system for holding information as it travels from sensory memory to long-term memory.

17
Q

Spreading activation

A

The process by which activation spreads from items currently or recently processed to other parts of the memory network, activating the memories that reside there.

18
Q

Strength

A

The quantity that determines the inherent availability of a memory.

19
Q

Visual sensory store

A

Or iconic memory; a memory system that can briefly store visual information.

20
Q

Visuospatial sketchpad

A

In Baddeley’s theory of working memory, a “slave system” for maintaining visual information.

21
Q

Whole-report procedure

A

A procedure in visual-report experiments in which participants are asked to report all the items in a display.

22
Q

Working memory

A

The information that is currently available in memory for working on a problem.