Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Question 1

What populations are disproportionately affected for HIV?

Answer 1

(a) Sex workers (12x higher infection rate than general population).
(b) IV drug users, prisoners.
(c) Men who have sex with men, transgender people.

Question 2

Average time from infection to the development of symptoms is ______, although incubation periods as long as _____ months have been observed

Answer 2

2-4 weeks, ten months

Question 3

HIV can advance to AIDs within how long?

Answer 3

10 years or longer

Question 4

The acute phase of HIV infection (symptomatic) is called what?

Answer 4

Acute
Retroviral Syndrome (ARS)

Question 5

ARS can present similarly to what diseases?

Answer 5

infectious mononucleosis or influenza

Question 6

What issue?
Commonly includes fever, maculopapular rash, arthralgia, myalgia, malaise, lymphadenopathy, oral ulcers, pharyngitis, and weight loss

The presence of fever and rash have the best positive predictive value

Answer 6

Acute Retroviral Syndrome (ARS)

Question 7

HIV – Laboratory Testing

Answer 7

-Screening test OraQuick ADVANCE Rapid HIV-1/2 Antibody Test
-Confirmatory testing performed via 4th Gen HIV immunoassay

Question 8

HIV – DDx

Answer 8

(1) Mononucleosis due to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
(2) Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
(3) Influenza
(4) Positive Oraquick:

Question 9

What is the Guidance for HIV (PrEP) for Persons at High Risk.

Answer 9

DHA IPM 18-020

Question 10

nPEP (Nonoccupational Post-exposure Prophylaxis)
(a) When is this relevant?

Answer 10

1) Sexual Assault
2) Unprotected sexual contact with high-risk contact

Question 11

PEP (Occupational Post-Exposure Prophylaxis)
(a) When is this relevant?

Answer 11

1) Needlesticks
2) Healthcare related exposure to high-risk substances

Question 12

When to contact MedAdvice and/or routine MedEvac:

Answer 12

(a) Positive screening with Oraquick rapid HIV test.
(b) Positive confirmatory testing utilizing 4th generation HIV
Ab/Ag.
(c) High clinical suspicion of ARS.
(d) Needle Stick/bloodborne exposure to high-risk individual.

Question 13

______________ medications have radically altered HIV infection

Answer 13

Antiretroviral

Question 14

What is the instruction for HIV in Military Service Members

Answer 14

DoDI 6485.01

Question 15

Clinical evaluations required by military infectious disease
physicians at least every ______ after diagnosis

Answer 15

6 to 12 months