Human health and diet

Question 1

what is fitness?

Answer 1

fitness is the ability to do physical activity

Question 2

what is health?

Answer 2

health is being free from diseases such as bacteria and viruses

Question 3

how is your general level of fitness measured?

Answer 3

cardiovascular fitness

Question 4

how do the following nutrients listed below help our body?: carbohydrates and fats, protein, vitamin, minerals, fibre, water

Answer 4

carbohydrates and fats for lots of energy, protein for growth and repair, vitamin to prevent scurvy, minerals such as iron to make haemoglobin, fibre to prevent constipation, water to prevent dehydration

Question 5

what can obesity lead to?

Answer 5

heart disease, arthritis, diabetes and breast cancer

Question 6

what are the following made up of?:
carbohydrates
proteins
fats

Answer 6

carbohydrates are made up of simple sugars

proteins are made up of amino acids, fats are made up of fatty acids and glycerol

Question 7

what causes kwashiorkor?

Answer 7

when the belly swells up due to a lack of protein. This is because with the very little protein in their blood, their body cannot absorb excess water from body tissues and their abdomen swells up with the water.

Question 8

what 3 factors will affect an EAR?

Answer 8

• age because of different rates of growth and repair
• pregnancy, because the foetus will be growing
• breast- feeding, need to provide food

Question 9

what are proteins needed for?

Answer 9

growth and repair.

Question 10

what does EAR stand for?

Answer 10

estimated average requirement

Question 11

what is EAR measured in?

Answer 11

g = 0.6 x body mass in kg

Question 12

what are plant proteins called?

Answer 12

second class proteins as they do not contain all the essential amino acids

Question 13

proteins from meat and fish are… and what do they contain?

Answer 13

called first class proteins. They contain all the essential amino acids that cannot be made by the human body

Question 14

how do you work out if a person is overweight or underweight

Answer 14

calculate their body mass index (BMI)

Question 15

what is the equation for this?

Answer 15

BMI= mass in kg divided by (height in m) squared

Question 16

what are the 3 categories of food that sustain a balanced diet

Answer 16

carbohydrates, which are made up of simple sugars such as glucose. proteins, which are made up of amino acids. fats, which are made up of fatty acids and glycerol

Question 17

where are carbohydrates stored?

Answer 17

in the liver as glycogen or converted into fats

Question 18

where are fats stored?

Answer 18

fats are stored under the skin and around organs as adipose tissue.