Human Geography Unit 3 Flashcards
What is folk culture
Customs practiced generally in small homogeneous groups
What is the difference between a habit and a custom?
A habit is a repetitive act of an individual while a custom is a repetitive act of a group, becoming a characteristic of the group.
What is pop culture?
Customs practiced by large, heterogeneous (diverse) societies
What is causing the growth of pop culture?
Globalization of products making it easier to communicate and spread ideas.
What are three common origins of pop culture?
Western Europe, North America, and Japan
Who are the Amish? Where are the Amish relocated and what caused them to move?
The Amish are people who preserve their old distinct folk culture. They are located in SW Kentucky where the land is cheap and they can preserve their custom of giving their son a farm when he becomes an adult.
Where did soccer come from? What caused the globalization of it?
Soccer, or football, probably originated in England. When people had more leisure time, they would often watch or oarticipate in sports.
How does the environment and culture impact the food in an area?
In general, people eat food, produce and animals, that thrives in their own environment. A terroir, the way the environment affects the taste of the food, also affects what is consumed in the area. Some areas’ customs and religions limit what they eat, too.
How does the environment affect the housing of an area?
The building materials in an area impact what the house is made of. The house is constructed to withstand the weather of area.
How does culture affect the architecture of an area?
New houses are created with heavy pop culture influence so they can appeal to a large audience.
How does religion affect how houses are built?
In areas like Africa, India, and the Middle East, houses are built with certain sides and corners considered sacred and furniture facing certain ways to promote good spirits and shun bad ones.
How does popular culture influence food? What is an example of this?
Food is generally popular where it is produced. High concentrations of certain religions and ethnicities also influence what they consume. Wine applies to both these statements; some grapes grow better in some areas and some religions limit alcohol consumption.
What is an example of the affect of pop culture on clothing?
The demand for jeans, which were originated in America, became extremely high in areas like the Soviet Union, where they were outlawed.
How do clothing styles vary in areas?
People generally wear clothes based on their jobs.
What are three examples of the diffusion of electronics in pop culture?
Television, the Internet, and Facebook. Internet and Facebook diffused more rapidly because there was easier access to them.
Why are United States, Japan, and the UK in control of the media world? How does this increase the access to media, even where it is expensive and illegal?
The three countries use satellites, allowing people to access this around the world. This also allows multiple families to share the same coverage.
What are dowries? How does pop culture influence this?
Dowries are an illegal system in India in which the groom requires that the bride’s family supplies his family with new, modern items. As new items become better and more expensive, the amount a groom requires becomes a much heavier burden.
Who dominates media in LDC’s?
The government
What are three ways that pop culture negatively impacts the environment?
Nature has to be modified to cater to some popular activities, demand of meat decreases nutrients passed through (energy pyramid), and pop culture also causes pollution.
What is ethnologue?
The source that contains all information on languages
How did English spread to other places?
When English colonists migrated, like to the New World, they brought English with them. Also, many parts of the former British empire still speak English.
What caused English to form in the British Isles?
The invasion from the Angles, Jutes, and Saxons all influenced the development of English.
What are dialect and isogloss? How are they alike?
Dialect is variation of the same language in different regions. Isogloss is the different forms of vocabulary across the regions. Both involve the same ideas of differences in the same language.
What is a standard language? What is the standard language of British speech?
A standard language is the most established dialect of a language. British Received Pronunciation is the standard language of British speech, often used by politicians, actors, and broadcasters.
How did the dialect change so much from England to America?
Vocabulary developed when Americans encountered new items. Spelling changed when Noah Webster created the first dictionary and ignored some rules.
What is a creole or creolized language?
A mix of a migrator’s language and the language of the land.
What is a language family and language branch?
A language family is based on one ancestral language and a language branch is a subgroup of languages from a language family.
What are the four lesser-known language families within the Indo-European branch?
Albanian, Greek, Armenian, and Celtic
What 4 families of the Indo-European language branch are more popular?
Germanic, Indo-Iranian, Romance, and Balto-Slavic
What are some examples of Germanic languages?
English, Dutch, Afrikaans (South Africa), Icelandic, Norwegian, Swedish, Danish
Where are Balto-Slavic languages commonly found?
East Europe
Where are Romance languages found?
West Europe and Romania.
Where are Indo-Iranian languages found?
North India, Iran, Afghanistan, and Pakistan
What Indo-European branch has the most speakers?
Indo-Iranian
What are two theories for the origin of the Indo-European branch? Give a brief description of each.
Sedentary farmer- origin in present-day Turkey by Kurgans
Nomadic Warrior- Near Russia and Kazakhstan by Kurgans
What is the unknown first Indo-European language called?
Proto-Indo-European
What language family has the second highest amount of speakers? What is the biggest language it contains?
Sino-Tibetan contains Mandarin
What makes the Sino-Tibetan literature unique?
It uses ideograms.
What are some other language families in East and Southeast Asia? Where is this language mostly spoke?
Austronesian- Indonesia Austro-Asiatic- Vietnam Tai Kadai- Taiwan and Southern China Japanese- Japan Korean- North and South Korea
What are language families in the Middle East and Central Asia? Where are the main places that speak the languages?
Afro-Asiatic- Arabic
Altaic- Turkish, maybe Korean
Uralic- Estonia, Finland, and Hungary (only non-Indo-European European countries)
What are some African language families? What is the main language in each?
Niger-Congo- Swahili (in Sub-Saharan Africa)
Nilo-Saharan- North and Central Africa
Khoisan- Southwest Africa (uses clicking sounds)
How does a language become extinct?
Nobody speaks it anymore when offspring is converted to other languages.
How was the Hebrew language revived after being considered extinct?
Words were translated out of the Bible and new words were created.
Why did the Celtic languages decline?
Much of the land controlled by the Celts was lost.
Why is their controversy in Denmark, a multilingual state?
There are two main languages (Flemings and Walloons) and one tends to overrule the other (Walloons)
What is an isolated language?
A language in its own language family because it does not share distinct characteristics to another language.
What is a lingua franca? What is it right now?
An international communication. English is the current one.
What is a pidgin language?
A lingua franca made by adopting some changes to their own language.
What is ebonics? Why does it hold a bad stereotype?
It is a distinct dialect generally used by the African-American community. It comes with an uneducated stereotype.
What are examples of English merging with other languages?
Franglais (French), Spanglish (Spanish), and Denglish (German)
