Human Emotion Unit 11 Lecture 3 Flashcards
1
Q
Emotions consist of 3 essential components
A
- Brain activity/physiological arousal
- A conscious experience/thought
- A behavioral expression
Emotions are a product of ALL 3 of these
2
Q
Stages of emotional experience
A
- Initial Response Stage
- Autonomic Response Stage
- Emotional Response Stage
- Emotional Regulation Stage
3
Q
Initial Response Stage
A
- 115 milliseconds for a stimulus to generate a response in the brain
- Important brain structure = AMYGDALA
- It response to emotionally arousing info (could also be signs of danger)
4
Q
Autonomic Response Stage
A
- Involved the bodies physiological reactions
- Sympathetic nervous system increases our arousal (which can allow us to experience joy, or run away from a threat etc)
- The parasympathetic system suppresses the arousal and returns us to a more relaxed state
5
Q
Emotional Response Stage
A
Ex) hugging people we desperately miss at the airport
Ex) running away quickly from something scary
6
Q
Emotional Regulation Stage
A
- We develop a conscious understanding as to the source of the emotional reaction represented by the previous stages in this sequence
- Important brain structure = FRONTAL LOBE
- Responsible for higher level cognitive processes (thoughts)
- Use perceptual info to heighten our arousal
Ex) if you encounter someone scary, your frontal lobes help decide if you will engage in combat, or run away as fast as you can
7
Q
Theories of emotion; The James-Lange Theory (x4)
A
- Sensory stimulus
- Stimulus perceives
- Emotional expression and physiological response
- Emotional experience (fear)
8
Q
The Cannon-Bard Theory
A
- Sensory stimulus
- Stimulus perceived
- Emotional experience (fear)
- Emotional expression and physiological response
The thoughts and physiological reactions occur so quickly, they why can thought of as occurring at the same time
9
Q
Facial feedback hypothesis
A
- The idea that we can actually convince our minds that we are in a positive (or negative) emotional state, simply by smiling (or frowning)
Ex) BOTOX reduces facial lines somehow slightly reduce actually facial expressions and those feelings - Even things like the temperature of the drink we are holding in our hand can affect how we describe a person
Cold = discomfort
10
Q
Stanley Schachter & Jerome Singer
A
The idea that emotion is really just the best guess of our physiological state
11
Q
Two-factor Theory of Emotion
A
- Stimulus perceived accompanied by physiological response
- Cognitive appraisal
- Conscious feeling of fear
12
Q
Stanley Schachter & Jerome Singer conducted an experiment in which they injected 3 groups of participants with epinephrine (heightens state of arousal). How did the Informed Group, the Ignorant Group, The Misinformed Group, and the Control Group respond?
A
- The Informed Group: Was informed that their sate was a consequence of the injection they received
- The Ignorant Group: not informed about the cause of their physiological arousal
- The Misinformed Group: Was falsely told that the injection cause numbness, itchiness, and a milk heachache
- The Control Group: Received a non-drug injection
Each participant was then placed in a room with someone who they thought was another participant (but was just an actor)
As a result, participants in the ignorant condition ended up experiencing an emotion that matched the behavior of the actor
Those in the controlled & informed conditions were much less likely to do so
13
Q
The UBC Bridge Study
A
- Studying effect of scenery on creativity
- One group of male participants walked across a bridge before completing a test with an attractive female researcher
- Some walked across Capilano bridge (height & beautiful), and other walked across a tiny wooden bridge over a small stream
- They were then asked to tell a story to the researcher
- Those who crossed the scary bridge told stories with more sexually implicit themes than those who crossed the safe little bridge
14
Q
LIE DETECTING:
The Polygraph Machine
A
- Lie detector test
- Machine measure a person’s heart rate and sweat they produce
- Problem: People can lie without experiencing any increase in their physiological systems, and people can tell the truth WITH being aroused
- That makes lie detectors poor devices
15
Q
Micro expressions
A
- It might be possible to detect lies based on a person’s initial facial expression, before they have time to hide their intention to deceive
- But is probably not any more accurate
