Human Elective - Migration Key Words

Question 1

Net Migration

Answer 1

The difference between immigration and emigration

Question 2

Brain Drain

Answer 2

Where a country/region loses its educated and qualified people as they migrate for better paid work in other countries/regions

Question 3

Counter-urbanisation

Answer 3

The movement and relocation of people and businesses from urban areas to rural villages and smaller towns. It is also called urban to rural migration

Question 4

Dispersed City

Answer 4

Where a city has grown so much that its buildings and functions are spread over a very wide area beyond the city limits. Higher car ownership and improved transport facilities mean that development occurs on greenfield sites on and beyond the edges of the city.

Question 5

Donor/Source countries/regions

Answer 5

Countries from which migrants leave (emigrate

Question 6

Dormitory Towns

Answer 6

Towns that are built on the outskirts of cities. Main function is residential. Travel from these towns to their jobs in larger towns or cities. Also called suburbs

Question 7

Ethnic group

Answer 7

group of people of the same race or nationality who share a common and distinctive culture, religion or language.

Question 8

European Economic Area (EEA)

Answer 8

Group of European countries made up of the EU member states: Norway, Iceland, Liechtenstein which provide free movement of people, goods, services and capital

Question 9

Forced Migration

Answer 9

The forceful and non-voluntary movement of a person who wishes to escape an armed conflict, violence, violation of their rights or a natural/man-mad disaster

Question 10

Ghetto

Answer 10

Area in a city to which most migrants move when they first come to a new country. It is often a densely populated area of low income.

Question 11

Gateway

Answer 11

Term used by Ireland’s National Spatial Strategy (NSS) to describe an urban area which has a larger population and a wider range of services to offer than other smaller urban areas, e.g. hospital

Question 12

Good Friday Agreement/Belfast Agreement

Answer 12

Ceasefire agreement signed by political leaders of the Republic of Ireland, N. IE and the UK. Aim is to end violence of the Troubles in N. IE. Signed 1988, Operation 1999.

Question 13

Habitation a Loyer Modere (HLM)

Answer 13

Form of low income housing in France. Usually high-rise apartment blocks. Many foreign immigrants live in such housing

Question 14

Host/Destination countries/regions

Answer 14

The countries/regions to which people emigrate/move to.

Question 15

Hub

Answer 15

Term used by NSS to describe a smaller urban area which has a smaller population and a less diverse range of service to offer than a gateway town e.g. primary and secondary schools

Question 16

Incitement

Answer 16

The action of provoking or encouraging a person to behave unlawfully

Question 17

Internal Migration

Answer 17

Movement of people within their own country e.g. moving from Wexford to Sligo

Question 18

Internally Displaced Person (IDP)

Answer 18

People forced to flee conflict/disaster in their region and move to another area within their own country.

Question 19

International Migrants

Answer 19

People who move between different countries e.g. moving from Ireland to Spain.

Question 20

Migration

Answer 20

Movement of people for the purpose of settlement for at least one year. People may emigrate and immigrate or they may migrate within their own country

Question 21

Pull Factors

Answer 21

Positive factors which attract people to an area

Question 22

Push Factors

Answer 22

Negative factors which encourage or force people to move or migrate e.g. lack of jobs.

Question 23

Race

Answer 23

Division of humanity into groups based on their physical features

Question 24

Racism

Answer 24

The belief that people are inferior because of their skin colour or ethnic group

Question 25

Remittance Flows

Answer 25

Money migrants send home to their relatives

Question 26

Rural Depopulation

Answer 26

Migration of people from rural areas to cities or abroad leaving behind a small number of people in the countryside

Question 27

Rural to Urban Migration

Answer 27

Movement and relocation of people and businesses from urban areas to rural villages and smaller towns. It is also called counter-urbanisation

Question 28

Safe country of origin principal

Answer 28

Label applied by Ministers for Justice and Equality to countries which are safe to live in or to return to. If migrants arrive from these safe countries, they may not get asylum or refugee status. A safe country of origin is a country where there is a democratic form government, no threat to people’s lives , no torture or punishment, no threat of violence and no armed conflict.

Question 29

Schengen Agreement

Answer 29

Allows free movement of good, people and services throughout the EU, with no border controls for people to deal with.

Question 30

Shanty Towns/Favela

Answer 30

Slum-like squatter settlements containing poorly-built houses or shacks made from plywood, corrugated metal, cardboard boxes and sheets of plastic. Lack basic services. Usually found on the edge of cities. Called Favelas in S. America and Bustees in India.

Question 31

Voluntary Migration

Answer 31

Where a migrant chooses to move/migrate to another country rather than being forced to flee their home

Question 31

Voluntary Migration

Answer 31

Where a migrant chooses to move/migrate to another country rather than being forced to flee their home