Human Development and Life Cycle Flashcards
Emphasis on the primacy of human experience as shapers of behavior and wiring of the human brain
Psychodynamic Model
Transferring of past feelings, experiences and memories to the present
Transference
Who theorized the Biopsychosocial Model?
George Engel
Something wrong with the body
Disease
Something wrong with the mind
Disorder
The optimal environment for growth and development
Material needs, protection from danger, 3As, 2Ds, new experiences
3A
Approval, Acceptance, Affection
2D
Demand, Discipline
Who developed the 8 Psychosocial Stages of Development?
Erik Erickson
Enumerate the stages (Freud and Erickson)
1) Infancy - Oral - Trust vs Mistrust
2) Toddler - Anal - Autonomy vs Shame
3) Preschool - Phallic - Initiative vs Guilt
4) School Age - Latency - Industry vs Inferiority
5) Adolescence - Adolescence - Identity vs Role Diffusion
6) Early Adult - Early Adult - Intimacy vs Isolation
7) Middle Age - Middle Age - Generativity vs Stagnation
8) Senescence - Old Age - Integrity vs. Despair
Provides psychological comfort especially when she is away from primary caregiver
Transitional Objects
Causal relationships between thoughts/actions and events
Magical Thinking
Biologically determined tendency of a young child to seek proximity to the parent during times of stress; re-establishes sense of well-being
Attachment Theory
Who developed the Attachment Development Theory?
Bowlby
At what stage is the Oedipal Complex experienced?
Phallic (preschool)
Normal resolution for the Oedipal Complex
Identification
What are the outcomes of the Oedipal Complex?
Superego formation, gender role and repression
Stage of remarkable moral growth: development of superego and conscience
Latency
Emergent life phase
Adolescence
Awkward period between the onset of sexual maturation and attaining adult status
Adolescence
Psychological changes experienced in adolescence
Adolescence
Hormonal changes ascribed to biological and physical changes
Puberty
Puberty results from the activation of ____________
Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis
Gray matter growth spurt in the frontal lobe
Synaptic Pruning
Responsible for the executive functions; among the last connections in the brain to be established
Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
Addictions get started in adolescence due to the centers of pleasure found in the midbrain reward system. What are these centers?
Dopamine centers
Stage where identity is built
Middle adolescence
A staged characterized by more comfortable patterns of behavior, coping and intimacy
Late adolescence
It is the stage of the peak of biological development
Early adulthood
Prime of one’s life and career
Middle Adulthood
Two primary fidelity and commitment conflicts encountered in middle adulthood
Marital crisis, empty nest syndrome
Reflect neurobiological, cognitive and emotional development in the second half of life
Human Potential Phases
Stage characterized by recapitulating, contribution and internal drive for reflection and spiritual connection
Late Adulthood
Sets the upper limit of human life
Genetic Programming (wear-and-tear)
Set biological clocks, protect chromosomes
Telomeres
