Human Defence System

Question 1

Define Pathogen

Answer 1

An organism that causes disease

Question 2

Define Antigen

Answer 2

A substance that stimulates the formation of an antibody

Question 3

Define Antibody

Answer 3

A substance produced in the body by lymphocytes in response to a particular antigen

Question 4

Name the types of white blood cells and their function

Answer 4

Monocytes: Engulf Bacteria

Lymphocytes: produce antibodies

Question 5

What is phagocytosis

Answer 5

Where the cells surrounds bacteria (monocytes do this)

Question 6

Name the types of lymphocytes and where they’re produced

Answer 6

B Lymphocytes - Bone marrow

T Lymphocytes - Thymus

Question 7

Describe the function of B Lymphocytes and outline the different types

Answer 7

B lymphocytes recognise antigens

Memory B cells: remember the last pathogen for faster antibody production

Plasma B cells: Produces antibodies

Question 8

Name the types of T lymphocytes and their function

Answer 8

Memory T cell: Remember response to last infection

Helper T cells: Promotes plasma B and killer T cell production

Killer T cells: Kills infected and cancerous cells

Suppressor T cells: Shuts down plasma B and killer T cell production

Question 9

Name the types of immunity

Answer 9

Active

Passive

Question 10

Describe the types of passive and active immunity

Answer 10

Natural Passive: Antibodies from mother to baby in milk
Artificial Passive: Tetanus shot, antibodies injected for specific disease

Natural Active: Get disease and produce antibodies in response
Artificial Active: Get a vaccination