Bacteria Flashcards
Name the method of asexual reproduction exhibited by bacteria
Binary fission
Describe the process of binary fission
- Cell elongates
- DNA and plasmids replicate
- DNA and plasmid move to either side of the midline
- A new cell wall forms at the midline
- Cells separate
Name the 5 phases in a growth of bacteria graph
- Lag phase
- Log phase
- Stationary phase
- Decline
- Endospore formation
Name a positive and negative effect of bacteria
Positive: Produces vitamins B and K in large intestine
Negative: Causes diseases and infections
Describe the process of batch processing
Fixed amount of nutrients added at the beginning
The product is removed at the end
Bacteria go through all 5 stages of the growth curve
Why is overuse of antibiotics dangerous
Bacteria develop resistance to the antibiotics
How do bacteria survive in an environment with unfavourable conditions
They form an endospore
Name the 3 general shapes of bacteria
Sphere, Spiral and Rod
What’s the difference between Asepsis and Sterility
Asepsis: Free of pathogens
Sterility: Free from microorganisms
Describe Continuous flow production
Nutrients continuously added into bioreactor Product continuously removed Stage 2 (log) and stage 3 (stationary) are maintained
Name the kingdom bacteria belong to
Monera
Under what conditions do bacteria form an endospore
When conditions for survival become unfavourable
Name and explain 2 types of heterotrophic nutrition carried out by bacteria
Saprophytic: Eating dead organic matter
Parasitic: Living on or inside another organism and consuming food from them
Name and explain Autotrophic methods of food production carried out by bacteria
Photosynthetic: make food using light e.g bacteria in volcanic pools
Chemosynthetic: make food through chemical reactions e.g bacteria in soil
State 2 ways bacteria cells differ from human cells
Bacteria cells have no nucleus
Bacteria cells have a flagellum
Draw a diagram of a bacterium
