Human Body Systems 2015

Question 1

the maintaining of a constant internal environment when outside conditions change

Answer 1

Homeostasis

Question 2

skeletal system

Answer 2

the organ system that supports and protects the body and produces red blood cells.

Question 3

Ligament

Answer 3

Connect bones to other bones

Question 4

Joint

Answer 4

A place where 2 or more bones connect.

Question 5

Muscular System

Answer 5

the organ system that allows your body to move and be flexible.

Question 6

Tendon

Answer 6

Connects bones to muscles.

Question 7

Cardiovascular System

Answer 7

the organ system that transports blood throughout your body.

Question 8

Blood

Answer 8

carries gases, nutrients, and wastes throughout the body.

Question 9

Lymphatic system

Answer 9

a group of organs and tissues that collect the fluid that leaks from blood.

Question 10

Lymph

Answer 10

The leaked fluid that is absorbed by the lymphatic system

Question 11

Lymph Nodes

Answer 11

small bean-shaped organs that remove pathogens and dead cells from lymph.

Question 12

artery

Answer 12

blood vessels that carry blood away from your heart.

Question 13

Capillaries

Answer 13

a tiny blood vessels that allow the exchanges between body cells and the blood.

Question 14

Vein

Answer 14

a blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart.

Question 15

Respiratory system

Answer 15

the group of organs that take in oxygen and gets rid of CO2

Question 16

Pharynx

Answer 16

Uppermost part of the throat that branches into 2 parts, the larynx and the esophagus.

Question 17

Larynx

Answer 17

the part of the throat that holds the vocal chords.

Question 18

Trachea

Answer 18

Found between the Larynx and the lungs. Also called the windpipe.

Question 19

Bronchi

Answer 19

Tubes that attach the lungs to the trachea

Question 20

alveoli

Answer 20

tiny air filled sacs in the lungs that help with gas exchange

Question 21

Digestive system

Answer 21

the organ system that breaks down the nutrients in your food into smaller molecules that can be used by your body.

Question 22

Enzyme

Answer 22

a chemical that the body uses to break down large molecules into smaller molecules.

Question 23

Esophagus

Answer 23

top part of the throat that moves food toward the stomach

Question 24

stomach

Answer 24

a muscular bag that crushes food and contains acids for breaking down food into chyme.

Question 25

small intestine

Answer 25

a muscular tube where most chemical digestion takes place and nutrients are absorbed.

Question 26

large intestine

Answer 26

a tube where water and leftover nutrients are absorbed.

Question 27

pancreas

Answer 27

makes fluids that break down food.

Question 28

liver

Answer 28

makes and releases bile, which breaks up large fat molecules into smaller molecules.

Question 29

excretory system

Answer 29

the organ system that eliminates wastes from the body.

Question 30

kindey

Answer 30

organ that filters and removes wastes from the blood.

Question 31

nephrons

Answer 31

the structure in the kidney that filters the blood

Question 32

urine

Answer 32

wastes filtered from the blood combined with water.

Question 33

nervous system

Answer 33

made of the structures that control the actions and reactions of the body.

Question 34

Brain

Answer 34

the body's central command organ

Question 35

spinal cord

Answer 35

the part of the body that allows your brain to communicate with the rest of your body.

Question 36

Neuron

Answer 36

a cell that carries messages to and from your brain

Question 37

dendrite

Answer 37

the "arms" of the neuron that gathers information

Question 38

axon

Answer 38

the part of the neuron that sends out information

Question 39

endocrine system

Answer 39

maintains homeostasis by using hormones

Question 40

hormone

Answer 40

a chemical messenger of the endocrine system

Question 41

gland

Answer 41

a group of cells that make hormones

Question 42

egg

Answer 42

the female sex cell

Question 43

ovary

Answer 43

the reproductive organ that produces eggs

Question 44

uterus

Answer 44

the organ in which a fertilized egg can grow into a baby.

Question 45

embryo

Answer 45

what an egg becomes once its fertilized

Question 46

placenta

Answer 46

a network of blood vessels that provides the embryo with oxygen and nutrients.

Question 47

umbilical cord

Answer 47

what connects the embryo to the placenta

Question 48

fetus

Answer 48

What the embryo becomes after 10 weeks

Question 49

pathogen

Answer 49

an organism, virus, or a protein that causes disease.

Question 50

immune system

Answer 50

the tissues and blood cells that recognize and attack foreign substances in the body

Question 51

macrophage

Answer 51

a white blood cell that destroys pathogens by engulfing and digesting them.

Question 52

T cells

Answer 52

coordinate the body's immune response

Question 53

B cells

Answer 53

make antibodies

Question 54

antibody

Answer 54

a specialized protein that destroys certain antigens (pathogens or foreign material)

Question 55

immunity

Answer 55

the ability to resist or recover from an infectious disease.

Question 56

vaccine

Answer 56

a substance prepared from killed or weakened pathogens that is introduced into the body to promote immunity.