Body Vocabulary

Question 0

Skeletal system

Answer 0

The organ system whose primary function is to support and protect the body and to allow the body to move

Question 1

Homeostasis

Answer 1

The maintenance of a constant internal state in changing environment

Question 2

Muscular system

Answer 2

The organ system whose primary function is movement and flexibility

Question 3

Ligament

Answer 3

A type of tissue that holds together the bones in a joint

Question 4

Joint

Answer 4

A place where two or more bones meet

Question 5

Tendon

Answer 5

A tough connective tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone or to another body part

Question 6

Cardiovascular system

Answer 6

A collection of organs that transport blood throughout the body; the organs in this system include the heart, arteries, and veins.

Question 7

Blood

Answer 7

The fluid that carries gases, nutrients, and wastes through the body and that is made up of platelets, white blood cells, red blood cells, and plasma

Question 8

Lymphatic system

Answer 8

A network of organs and tissues that collect the fluid that leaks from blood and returns it to blood vessels

Question 9

Lymph

Answer 9

The clear, watery fluid that leaks from blood vessels and contains white blood cells.

Question 10

Lymph node

Answer 10

Small bean shaped masses of tissue that remove pathogens and read cells from the lymph

Question 11

Artery

Answer 11

A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart to the body’s organs

Question 12

Capillary

Answer 12

A tiny blood vessel that allows an exchange between blood and cells in tissue

Question 13

Vein

Answer 13

In biology a vessel that carries blood to the heart

Question 14

Respiratory system

Answer 14

A collection of organs whose primary function is to take in oxygen and expel carbon dioxide

Question 15

Pharynx

Answer 15

Part of the respiratory system that extends from the mouth to the larynx

Question 16

Larynx

Answer 16

Part of the respiratory system between the pharynx and the trachea

Question 17

Digestive system

Answer 17

The organs that break down food so that it can be used by the body

Question 18

Enzyme

Answer 18

A type of protein that speeds up metabolic reactions in plants and animals without being permanently change or destroyed

Question 19

Esophagus

Answer 19

A long and straight tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach

Question 20

Stomach

Answer 20

The saclike digestive organ that is between the esophagus and the small intestine and that breaks down food by the action of muscles enzymes and acids

Question 21

Small intestine

Answer 21

The organ between the stomach and the large intestine where most of the breakdown of food happens and most of the nutrients from food are absorbed

Question 22

Large intestine

Answer 22

The broader and shorter portion of the intestine where water is removed from the mostly digested food to turn the waste into semisolid feces or stool

Question 23

Pancreas

Answer 23

The organ that lies behind the stomach and that makes digestive enzymes and hormones that regulate sugar levels

Question 24

Liver

Answer 24

The largest organ in the body

Question 25

Excretory system

Answer 25

The system that collects and excretes nitrogenous waste and excess water from the body in form of urine

Question 26

Kidney

Answer 26

One of the organs that filter water and wastes from the blood excrete products as urine and regulates the concentration of certain substances in the blood

Question 27

Nephron

Answer 27

The unit in the kidney that filters blood

Question 28

Urine

Answer 28

The liquid excreted by the kidneys stored in the bladder and passed through the urethra to the outside of the body

Question 29

Nervous system

Answer 29

The structures that control the actions and reactions of the body in response to stimuli from the environment

Question 30

Brain

Answer 30

The organ that is the main control center of the nervous system

Question 31

Spinal cord

Answer 31

A Column of nerve tissue running from the base of the brain through the vertebral

Question 32

Neuron

Answer 32

A nerve cell that is specialized to recurve and conduct electrical impulses

Question 33

Axon

Answer 33

An elongated extension of a neuron that carries impulses away from the cell body

Question 34

Dendrite

Answer 34

Branch like extensions of a neuron that receives impulses from neighboring neurons

Question 35

Endocrine system

Answer 35

A collection of glands and groups of cells that secrete hormones that regulate growth, development, and homeostasis

Question 36

Hormone

Answer 36

A substance that is made in one cell or tissue and that causes a change in another cell and tissue in a different part of the body

Question 37

Gland

Answer 37

A group of cells that make chemicals for use elsewhere in the body

Question 38

Uterus

Answer 38

In female placemental mammals the hollow muscular organ in which an embryo embeds itself and develops into a fetus

Question 39

Ovary

Answer 39

In the female productive system of animals , an organ that produces eggs

Question 40

Egg

Answer 40

A sex cell produced by a female

Question 41

Embryo

Answer 41

In humans, a developing individual from first division after fertilization through the tenth week of pregnancy

Question 42

Placenta

Answer 42

The partly fetal and partly maternal organ by which materials are exchanged between a fetus and the mother

Question 43

Umbilical cord

Answer 43

The rope like structure through which blood vessels pass and by which developing mammal is connected to the placenta

Question 44

Fetus

Answer 44

A developing human from the end of the tenth week of pregnancy until birth

Question 45

Pathogen

Answer 45

A microorganism, another organism, a virus, or a protein that causes diseases

Question 46

Immune system

Answer 46

The cells and tissues that recognize and attack foreign substances in the body

Question 47

Macrophage

Answer 47

An immune system cell that engulfs pathogens and other materials

Question 48

T cell

Answer 48

An immune system cell that coordinates the immune system and attacks many infected cells

Question 49

B cell

Answer 49

A white blood cell that makes antibodies

Question 50

Antibody

Answer 50

A protein made by B cells that blinds to a specific antigen

Question 51

Immunity

Answer 51

The ability to resist or recover from an infectious disease

Question 52

Vaccine

Answer 52

A substance that is prepared from killed or weakened pathogens or from genetic material and that is introduced into a body to produce immunity