Exam Flashcards
Difference between organic and inorganic matter
Organic matter is something that once was or comes from a living thing, and inorganic matter is something that was never living, or part of a living thing
Element found in organic matter
Hydrogen. Carbon. Oxygen
4 elements in human body
Oxygen. Carbon. Hydrogen. Nitrogen.
Elements in Earths crust
Oxygen. Silicon. Aluminum. Iron
Cell organelle that converts energy for cell use
Mitochondria
Regulates the body’s hormones. And has specialized ducts called______
Endocrine system
Glands
Genetic material G–>L
Cell Nucleus
Chromosomes
DNA
Genes
Organelles that plants and animals have
Cell membranes
Nucleus
Mitochondria
What structures so all cells have that support the cell theory?
Cell membranes
Cell theory
All cells come from other cells through cell division
Cells are the basic unit of life
All living things are made up of one or more cells
What is body’s response to exercise?
Sweating- cool down
Breathing- eliminate excess CO2 and take in more O2
Levels of organization
Organelle Cell Tissue Organ Organ system Organism
Where are chromosomes located in the cell? And what are they shaped like?
In the nucleus. And they look like X
Advantages of using cell model
Models are used to help us see things that are either too big or in this case too small to see with the unaided eye
Where is the genetic material located inside a cell
In the nucleus
_____ is the process where organisms are more likely to survive and reproduce if they are better adapted to their environments compared to other organisms
Natural selection
An animal’s ability to hide from predators and prey by blending in with the environments is an example of __________
Camouflage
Plant cells differ from animal cells how?
Plant cells have 3 organelles that animal cells do not have: cell walls provide support and structure for plant cell, central vacuoles provide turgor pressure for the cell wall, and chloroplasts where the photosynthesis occurs
Breakdown of large molecules into smaller ones
Function of digestive system
How to read volume on graduated cylinder?
First, place the cylinder on a level surface, then get eye level with the top of the liquid, finally read the meniscus
What are you advantages and disadvantages of asexual reproduction?
The biggest disadvantage is the lack of genetic variation. Advantages include little energy required, reproduction occurs quickly, organisms can quickly outcompete other organisms for resources.
What are not examples of genetic instructions?
Spoken language
favorite food
What is the difference between asexual and sexual reproduction?
In sexual reproduction, the offspring is the result of blending genes from two parents. In asexual reproduction, the offspring is the result of one parent only, and is a genetic clone of that parent.
How to sweat help maintain homeostasis?
When somebody sweat water leaves their bodies are openings in the skin and cools them.
Urinary system Respiratory system Digestive system Integumentary system All work together to\_\_\_\_\_
remove waste from the body
What type of offspring the sexual reproduction result in?
Offspring with genetic variation
Ovaries and testes are part of what 2 systems?
Reproductive and Endocrine
Why do insects have differences in mouth parts?
Adaptations have allowed them to eat different types of food
___Carries nutrients and oxygen to body cells in the circulatory system
Blood
What is the main function of the excretory system?
To eliminate waste from the body
A group of organs working together is called an____
Organ system
Difference in beak sizes in birds is a result of an____
Adaptation
Fever helps stop infection by causing bacteria to decrease or increase?
Decrease
What cell function do all living things have in common?
they all respirate, grow, reproduce, respond to stimuli, adapt to their environment and have internal movement
Which of the following are common to all living organisms and cells?
Remove waste, grow and die
Circulatory and respiratory systems are involved in____
The gas exchange
The mouth esophagus stomach pancreas small intestine large intestine and rectum are involved in _________
The digestion of food
What are the main organs of the circulatory system?
Heart, the vessels, and the blood
The four main types of asexual reproduction are____
Binary fission, budding, vegetative propagation, regeneration, sporation
A hybrid receives____genetic information for a trait from each parent
Different
Heredity is the passing of ____From parent to offspring
Genes
A genotype is the ______ of an organism
Genes
________ was the grandfather of Genetics
Gregor Mendel
An organism with 2 alleles for one trait that are the same is said to be________
Homozygous
Phenotype is the way an organism____as a result of its genotype
Looks
Offspring from sexual reproduction are always____from the parents
Different
During sexual reproduction offspring get chromosomes from___parents
Both
Offspring from a sexual reproduction are genetically____to the parent
Identical
How to read a triple beam balance
First read the middle beam, the hundreds beam. Then read the top beam, the 10s beam. Finally,read the bottom beam. The ones beam. Add the three amounts together
