Human Body Flashcards
Levels of Structure in the human body
Cell - tissue - organ - organism
4 major tissue categories ?
Muscle -
skeletal : voluntary ; attached to bones
cardiac : involuntary ; cause heart to pump
smooth : involuntary ; found in organs
Epithelial - sheets of close packed cells that cover the surface of the body & internal organs
Connective - hold together & support other tissues by cushioning and insulating
Nervous - transmits signals in the body to response to change
Homeostasis ?
the stability of the body
helps tissues survive
Interstitial Fluid?
The internal change that takes place when your body exchanges chemicals with the external environment.
Integumentary System?
imp in maintaining homeostasis
outer covering that physically separates the body from the external environment
Main Parts & Functions of Skeleton
Skull - protects brain Backbone - protects spinal cord Ribs - protect heart and lungs Pelvic Girdle (hip) - join legs to core Shoulder Girdle (scapula and clavicle) - connect arms to core
typical bone?
bone tissue surrounds a central cavity that contains marrow and cartilage cushions the ends.
Types of Joints ?
Gliding
Pivot
Ball & Socket
Hinge
Skeletal Muscle?
consists of bundles of muscle fibers, with nuclei, myofibrill, sarcomers.
“pull it together”
Thin Filament? Thick Filament ?
thin -actin
thick -myosin
Anatomy & Physiology
knowing anatomy is important to understanding physiology
anatomy - structure of organism and it’s parts
physiology - what structures do
Bones in moveable joints are held together by strong connective tissues called…
Ligaments
Skeletal Muscles are attached to bones by a type of connective tissue called…
Tendons
6 nutrients in food?
Carbohydrates, Fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water
4 stages of food processing?
Ingestion - eating / drinking
Digestion - breaking down food for absorbing
Absorption
Elimination - undigested food leaves body
Organs & Function of Circulatory System?
Blood Heart (pumps blood) Capillary (blood vessels) Artery (heart to capillary) Vein (capillary to heart) Lymph (fluid)
Blood Flow Circuits?
Pulmonary - non oxygenated blood
Systemic - oxygenated blood
How is blood pressure measured?
2 #s : # 1 - highest recorded pressure #2 - lowest recorded pressure
Blood consists of…
Plasma, red blood cells (oxygen from lungs to tissues), white blood cells (fight infection), and platelets (fragments of bone marrow)
Blood Clotting begins when.?
Platelets go to the shoot where the blood vessel is damaged & begin to build up because break apart
