Human Biology (Science Inquiry Skills)

Question 1

Accuracy

Answer 1

How close a measured number is to the real number.

Question 2

How to improve accuracy?

Answer 2

Use more precise technology. (Ruler with mm over m).

Question 3

Precision

Answer 3

How close all of your measurements are to each other

Question 4

Reliability

Answer 4

How similar the results for trials of the same test are, can be tested by repeating the experiment.

Question 5

How to improve Reliability?

Answer 5

Increase the number of trials or increase the sample size.

Question 6

Validity

Answer 6

Whether your experiment controls all variables and tests the hypothesis.

Question 7

How to improve validity?

Answer 7

Change only 1 variable and keep the others the same.

Question 8

What is a double-blind experiment?

Answer 8

A type of experiment in which neither the participants nor the experimenter knows which treatment or substance participants are receiving until the trial is over.

Question 9

Relationship between Independent and Dependent variables.

Answer 9

As the independent variable (increased/decreased/stayed the same) the dependent variable (increased/decreased/stayed the same).

Question 10

Direct Relationship

Answer 10

A relationship where both the independent and dependent variables increase.

Question 11

Inverse Relationship

Answer 11

As the independent variable increases the dependent variable decreases.

Question 12

Requirements for a complete conclusion

Answer 12

State:

If the hypothesis was supported or rejected
The relationship between variables
Give specific data to show the relationship between variables

Question 13

Experiment Group

Answer 13

The group that receives the independent variable.

Question 14

Control Group

Answer 14

The group that does not receive the independent variable. It is there to act as a comparison for the experimental group, to see if the independent variable had an effect.

Question 15

Ethics

Answer 15

A set of moral principles or values. Ethical behaviour is behaviour that conforms to those principles or values.

Question 16

Voluntary Participation

Answer 16

Participants should participate of their own free will.

Question 17

Informed Consent

Answer 17

Participants should be fully aware of the objectives, procedures, risks and benefits of the experiment.

Question 18

Risk of Harm

Answer 18

Risk of harm should be minimized or completely removed where possible.

Question 19

Confidentiality

Answer 19

Identity of participants and their data should not be revealed except to those directly involved in the study.

Question 20

Anonymity

Answer 20

Where possible, the identity of participants should be completely anonymous.

Question 21

Placebo

Answer 21

A placebo is an inactive version of a treatment or a drug that appears the same as the treatment/drug.

Question 22

Human Error

Answer 22

A mistake made by the person conducting the experiment. Avoid by carefully performing the experiment.

Question 23

Random Error

Answer 23

Unpredictable errors that occur in all experiments. The error randomly affects the results each time.

Question 24

Systematic Error

Answer 24

Due to the way an experiment is designed or problems with equipment. Systematic errors effect the data the same way every time. (ie always being 0.1 cm higher than it should be).