Human Bio Chapter 5 Flashcards
two main components of the cardio system
heart and blood vessels
2 functions of cardio system
1) being nutrients to cell and gets rid of waste
2) exchange of substances occur through interstitial fluid
How does the cardio system interact with the immune system
transport of immune cells, inflammatory response, blood flow regulation.
How does the cardio system interact with the digestive system
delivers nutrients from digestive system to interstitial fluid
removes metabolic waste, delivering waste to excretory organs
How does the cardio system help maintain homeostasis
interacts with organ systems to keep body functioning effectively
structure and function of artery
-pump blood away from heart
-endothelium, middle layer, and outer layer
structure and function of arterioles
- small arteries
-middle layer is mostly smooth muscle - contracted, reduces blood flow
-relaxed, increases blood flow
structure and function of veins
-carry blood toward the heart
-3 layers
-valves keep blood flowing in parts of body that goes against gravity
-expand to hold more blood, 3x thinner than arteries
structure and function of capillaries
-between arterioles and venules
-walls are made of endothelium
-gas, nutrient, and waste exchange occurs
how does the artery contribute to blood flow
carries blood away from body
how does the arterioles contribute to blood flow
ensuring tissues receive the appropriate supple of oxygen and nutrients based on their current needs
how does the capillaries contribute to blood flow
gas exchange, regulating blood flow
how does the venules contribute to blood flow
collecting deoxygenated blood from capillaries, substance exchange, regulating of blood volume and pressure
how does the veins contribute to blood flow
returning deoxygenated blood back to heart, prevents backflow, facilitating blood movement
why is the structure of veins different than the arteries
walls of veins are thinner, meaning they can carry more blood and extend 3x the size that a arteries can.
