Human Anatomy (1st unit)

Question 1

7 levels of human body organization are..

Answer 1

Chemcial
Cellular
Tissue
Organ
Organ System
Organism

Question 2

Atoms

Answer 2

smallest non-living unit to build a living thing

Question 3

What elements do atoms make up?

Answer 3

carbon and hydrogen

Question 4

Homeostasis

Answer 4

the body’s ability to maintain a stable internal environment

Question 5

Nervous system

Answer 5

uses nerves called neurons to send signals, or messages all over your body; organized network of nerve tissue in the body

Question 6

Endocrine system

Answer 6

the glands and organs that make hormones and release them directly into the blood so they can travel to tissues and organs all over the body

Question 7

Maintaing boundaries

Answer 7

maintain its boundaries so that its “inside” remains district from its “outside”

Question 8

Movement

Answer 8

includes all the activities promoted by the muscular system such as moving to place

Question 10

Responsiveness

Answer 10

the ability to sense changes in the environment and then to react to them

Question 11

Digestion

Answer 11

process of breaking down ingested food into simple molecules that can then be absorbed into the blood

Question 12

Metabolism

Answer 12

refers to all chemical reactions that occur within body cells

Question 13

Excretion

Answer 13

process of removing excreta or wastes from the body

Question 14

Reproduction

Answer 14

the production of offspring can occur on the cellular or organismal level

Question 15

Growth

Answer 15

an increase in size, usually accomplished by an increase in the number of cells

Question 16

Nutrients

Answer 16

body takes in through food, contain the chemicals used for energy and cell building

Question 17

Body temperature

Answer 17

must be maintained at around 36 degrees Celsius

Question 18

Oxygen

Answer 18

human cells can only survive a few minutes without it; 20% of air we breathe is oxygen

Question 19

Water

Answer 19

accounts for 60-80% of body weight; obtained from ingested foods or liquids

Question 20

Atmospheric pressure

Answer 20

breathing and the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs depend on this

Question 21

Receptor

Answer 21

sensor that monitors and responds to changes in the environment; responds to stimuli by sending into the control center

Question 22

Control center

Answer 22

determines the level at which a variable is to be maintained; analyzes the info it receives and then determines the appropriate response or course of action

Question 23

Effector

Answer 23

provides the means for the control center’s response to the stimulis

Question 24

Negative feedback

Answer 24

more common; helps the body maintain homeostasis

Question 25

What happens when there is disruption in homeostasis within the body?

Answer 25

the outcome can be disease

Question 26

Positive feedback

Answer 26

do not help maintain homeostasis; amplify the change that is happening to the body

Question 27

Local disease

Answer 27

affects limited area of the body

Question 28

Systemic disease

Answer 28

affects entire body or several parts

Question 29

Signs

Answer 29

indicative conditions or factors which the doctor sees; quantified and verified

Question 30

Symptoms

Answer 30

conditions and characters which the person feels; can not be verified

Question 31

(Chemical level) Macromolecules

Answer 31

larger molecules like protein, carbohydrates and lipids; form living things

Question 32

(Cellular level) Cells

Answer 32

smallest living unit of the body; building block of living things the level where life begins

Question 33

(Tissue level) Tissues

Answer 33

cells that are similar in structure and function are usually joined together to form these

Question 34

(Organ level) Organ

Answer 34

when a bunch of different types of tissues work together to form this

Question 35

Organ systems

Answer 35

groups of organs that perform related functions and interact to accomplish a common activity essential to survival of the whole body

Question 36

How many organ systems are there?

Answer 36

Eleven

Question 37

Organism

Answer 37

all cells, tissues, organs, and ________ make up an ________

Question 38

Anatomy

Answer 38

study of the structures within the human body

Question 39

Microscopic anatomy

Answer 39

studies smaller structures through dissections

Question 40

Gross anatomy

Answer 40

studies larger structures through dissections

Question 41

3 structures within organ systems

Answer 41

1. sizes (dimension/mass) 2. shape 3. location of structure

Question 42

Physiology

Answer 42

study of the function within the body