HTN, CKD, hyperlipidemia Flashcards
What common medication is known to cause myalgia?
Atrovastatin
What is the single best predictor of a patient’s risk for CVD?
Cholesterol/HDL ratio (lower is better)
What antibodies are associated with anti-phospholipid syndrome?
Anti-cardiolipin and lupus anticoagulant
What is the first line management of HTN for patients who are over 55 OR black/African/Caribbean in origin?
Dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker e.g. amlodopine
What drug to treat HTN causes peripheral odema in around 11% of patients who take it?
Amlodopine, worse as dose increased
How does NSAID use cause HTN?
Inhibits COX-2 in the kidneys and reduces sodium excretion
Therefore inhibits the effectivenes of diuretic based HTN therapies (less effect on calcium blockers (as these act by vasodilatory action) than ACEi)
Common complications of hyperlipidemia?
Pseudohyponatraemia Acute pancreatitis Heart attack Stroke Carotid artery disease Peripheral artery disease Microvascular disease
How should a patient with a Q risk of over 10 be inititally managed?
Attempt to alter lifestyle factors across 3-6 months
If Q-risk remains over 10% trial statin
Moderate-severe aortic stenosis is a contraindication to which HTN agent?
ACEi
Nicorandil
Nicorandil is a potassium channel activator which has a vasodilatory effect on the coronary arteries. Side-effects include headache, flushing
and anal ulceration.
Used in angina
Which patients with stage 1 HTN require anti-hTN agents straight away?
<80 with stage 1 HTN, only treat if they have DR. COQ
Diabeties Renal disease CVD Organ damage Qrisk ≥10
What LFT changes are an indication to stop statin treatment?
Treatment with statins should be discontinued if serum transaminase concentrations rise to and persist at 3 times the upper limit of the reference range.
