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152 LE 5 > HSV > Flashcards

HSV Flashcards

1
Q

HSV genome

A

linear, dsDNA

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2
Q

HSV capsid

A

icosahedral

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3
Q

tegument

A

amorphous viral protein-filled region

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4
Q

HSV envelope

A

from host nuclear membrane

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4
Q

HSV replication takes place in?

A

nucleus

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4
Q

HSV family

A

Herpesviridae

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4
Q

HSV latency is associated with?

A

ganglion cells or nerves

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5
Q

what allows access from the external environment to the cell body

A

retrograde axonal transfer

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6
Q

HSV subfamilies

A

alpha, beta, gamma

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7
Q

which subfamily has a relatively rapid replication time and neuronal latency

A

alpha

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8
Q

HSV replication steps

A
  1. Viral attachment
  2. Viral fusion to host
  3. Capside migration
  4. Viral DNA circularization
  5. Viral gene expression
  6. Viral DNA replication
  7. Viral assembly
  8. Viral maturation
  9. Budding
  10. Viral transport
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9
Q

In _, the HSV glycoprotein attaches to?

A

viral attachment, heparan sulfate

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10
Q

component of basement membranes and extracellular matrix

A

heparan sulfate

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10
Q

alpha genes - _ mRNA
beta genes - _ mRNA
gamma genes - _ mRNA

A

immediate early mRNA
early mRNA
late mRNA

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11
Q

histones are proteins for _, that are included in viral _

A

organizing DNA, assembly

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12
Q

function of alpha proteins

A

collective; stimulate transcription of early genes

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13
Q

function of beta proteins

A

DNA replication

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14
Q

function of gamma proteins

A

assembly, includes histones

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15
Q

most common herpes simplex viruses

A

HSV-1, HSV-2

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16
Q

hsv-1 and hsv-2 are genotypically and serotypically similar because of their glycoproteins

A

false, serotypically different

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17
Q

below the hips

A

hsv-2

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18
Q

above the hips

A

hsv-1

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19
Q

orofacial infections involving skin, mouth, conjunctive, and nervous system

A

hsv-1

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20
Q

infection: 13% of 13-49 yrs old

A

hsv-2

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21
Q

exposure: 18-35% by age 5, 60-70% by age 30

A

hsv-1

22
Q

direct contact with affected mucosal tissue

A

hsv-1

23
Q

incubation: 7-10 days

A

hsv-1

24
Q

incubation: 2-12 days
mean: 4 days

A

hsv-2

25
Q

genital infections, aseptic meningitis

A

hsv-2

26
Q

infection: 67% of <50 yrs old

A

hsv-1

26
Q

exposure: 15-30% in sexually active

A

hsv-2

27
Q

latency: terminal ganglion, superior ganglion, vagal nerve ganglion, dorsal ganglion

A

hsv-1

28
Q

bilateral vesiculopustular lesions

A

hsv-2

29
Q

grouped or singular vesicular lesions in unilateral orofacial area

A

hsv-1a

30
Q

latency

A

dorsal ganglion

31
Q

genital herpes

A

hsv-2

32
Q

clinical manifestation of hsv-1

A

Grouped or single vesicular lesions
in unilateral orofacial area >
pustular > coalesce to single or
multiple ulcers

33
Q

clinical manifestation of hsv-2

A

Genital herpes: bilateral
vesiculopustular lesions >
painful ulcers > crusting >
healing without scarring

33
Q

HSV infect and replicate in the

A

muco-epithelial cells

33
Q

_ infection at the site of contact with associated inflammatory response

A

lytic or productive

33
Q

viral-mediated _ and _ are initiated

A

multinucleated giant cells, cellular death

34
Q

establishment of _ infection in the _

A

latent, sensory ganglion

35
Q

viral genome is present in _ but _ is recovered

A

host cells, no infectious virus

36
Q

HSV genome exists as _ in host nucleus

A

episome (circular, extrachromosomal)

37
Q

no _ to eradicate virus in its _ states since it is _

A

antiviral, latent, inside the nucleus

38
Q

precipitating factors for reactivation:

A
  • exposure to ultraviolet light
  • Sunlight
  • Fever
  • Excitement
  • emotional stress
  • Trauma (e.g. oral intubation)
39
Q

reactivation process

A

Lytic replication > anterograde transport > vesicles >
localized spread and ulceration

40
Q

mechanisms of immunity

A

neutralizing antibodies (nAbs)
antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC)
cytotoxic/killer T-cells (Tc)

41
Q

evasion of immunity

A

IE protein
apoptosis inhibition

42
Q

transmission via delivery through infected genital secretion from the mother

A

neonatal herpes

43
Q

mothers with hsv- ? infection get neonatal herpes

A

2

44
Q

survivors of neonatal herpes

A

neurologic sequelae

45
Q

diagnosis of HSV

A

viral culture
tzanck test
antigen test
HSV DNA PCR
Ab test

46
Q

In the Tzanck test, intranuclear giant cells are stained by

A

Giemsa stain or Papanicolaou method (Pap smear)

47
Q

nucleoside analogue, decreases duration of acute and recurrent infections

A

acyclovir

48
Q

noncompetitive inhibitor of HSV DNA polymerase for acyclovir-resistant HSV

A

foscarnet

49
Q

for recurrent genital HSV, lessor dose and frequency, decreases spread between partners

A

valacyclovir

50
Q

prodrug of another nucleoside analogue, can suppress latent HSV but cannot get rid of DNA

A

famiciclovir

51
Q

need to act on it before it turns into active form

A

prodrug

52
Q

prevention of HSV

A

avoid contact with lesions
safe sexual practices
cesarean section delivery to reduce neonatal infections

152 LE 5 (4 decks)

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