HSV

Question 1

HSV genome

Answer 1

linear, dsDNA

Question 2

HSV capsid

Answer 2

icosahedral

Question 3

tegument

Answer 3

amorphous viral protein-filled region

Question 4

HSV envelope

Answer 4

from host nuclear membrane

Question 4

HSV replication takes place in?

Answer 4

nucleus

Question 4

HSV family

Answer 4

Herpesviridae

Question 4

HSV latency is associated with?

Answer 4

ganglion cells or nerves

Question 5

what allows access from the external environment to the cell body

Answer 5

retrograde axonal transfer

Question 6

HSV subfamilies

Answer 6

alpha, beta, gamma

Question 7

which subfamily has a relatively rapid replication time and neuronal latency

Answer 7

alpha

Question 8

HSV replication steps

Answer 8

1. Viral attachment
2. Viral fusion to host
3. Capside migration
4. Viral DNA circularization
5. Viral gene expression
6. Viral DNA replication
7. Viral assembly
8. Viral maturation
9. Budding
10. Viral transport

Question 9

In _, the HSV glycoprotein attaches to?

Answer 9

viral attachment, heparan sulfate

Question 10

component of basement membranes and extracellular matrix

Answer 10

heparan sulfate

Question 10

alpha genes - _ mRNA
beta genes - _ mRNA
gamma genes - _ mRNA

Answer 10

immediate early mRNA
early mRNA
late mRNA

Question 11

histones are proteins for _, that are included in viral _

Answer 11

organizing DNA, assembly

Question 12

function of alpha proteins

Answer 12

collective; stimulate transcription of early genes

Question 13

function of beta proteins

Answer 13

DNA replication

Question 14

function of gamma proteins

Answer 14

assembly, includes histones

Question 15

most common herpes simplex viruses

Answer 15

HSV-1, HSV-2

Question 16

hsv-1 and hsv-2 are genotypically and serotypically similar because of their glycoproteins

Answer 16

false, serotypically different

Question 17

below the hips

Answer 17

hsv-2

Question 18

above the hips

Answer 18

hsv-1

Question 19

orofacial infections involving skin, mouth, conjunctive, and nervous system

Answer 19

hsv-1

Question 20

infection: 13% of 13-49 yrs old

Answer 20

hsv-2

Question 21

exposure: 18-35% by age 5, 60-70% by age 30

Answer 21

hsv-1

Question 22

direct contact with affected mucosal tissue

Answer 22

hsv-1

Question 23

incubation: 7-10 days

Answer 23

hsv-1

Question 24

incubation: 2-12 days mean: 4 days

Answer 24

hsv-2

Question 25

genital infections, aseptic meningitis

Answer 25

hsv-2

Question 26

infection: 67% of <50 yrs old

Answer 26

hsv-1

Question 26

exposure: 15-30% in sexually active

Answer 26

hsv-2

Question 27

latency: terminal ganglion, superior ganglion, vagal nerve ganglion, dorsal ganglion

Answer 27

hsv-1

Question 28

bilateral vesiculopustular lesions

Answer 28

hsv-2

Question 29

grouped or singular vesicular lesions in unilateral orofacial area

Answer 29

hsv-1a

Question 30

latency

Answer 30

dorsal ganglion

Question 31

genital herpes

Answer 31

hsv-2

Question 32

clinical manifestation of hsv-1

Answer 32

Grouped or single vesicular lesions in unilateral orofacial area > pustular > coalesce to single or multiple ulcers

Question 33

clinical manifestation of hsv-2

Answer 33

Genital herpes: bilateral vesiculopustular lesions > painful ulcers > crusting > healing without scarring

Question 33

HSV infect and replicate in the

Answer 33

muco-epithelial cells

Question 33

_ infection at the site of contact with associated inflammatory response

Answer 33

lytic or productive

Question 33

viral-mediated _ and _ are initiated

Answer 33

multinucleated giant cells, cellular death

Question 34

establishment of _ infection in the _

Answer 34

latent, sensory ganglion

Question 35

viral genome is present in _ but _ is recovered

Answer 35

host cells, no infectious virus

Question 36

HSV genome exists as _ in host nucleus

Answer 36

episome (circular, extrachromosomal)

Question 37

no _ to eradicate virus in its _ states since it is _

Answer 37

antiviral, latent, inside the nucleus

Question 38

precipitating factors for reactivation:

Answer 38

* exposure to ultraviolet light * Sunlight * Fever * Excitement * emotional stress * Trauma (e.g. oral intubation)

Question 39

reactivation process

Answer 39

Lytic replication > anterograde transport > vesicles > localized spread and ulceration

Question 40

mechanisms of immunity

Answer 40

neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC) cytotoxic/killer T-cells (Tc)

Question 41

evasion of immunity

Answer 41

IE protein apoptosis inhibition

Question 42

transmission via delivery through infected genital secretion from the mother

Answer 42

neonatal herpes

Question 43

mothers with hsv- ? infection get neonatal herpes

Answer 43

2

Question 44

survivors of neonatal herpes

Answer 44

neurologic sequelae

Question 45

diagnosis of HSV

Answer 45

viral culture tzanck test antigen test HSV DNA PCR Ab test

Question 46

In the Tzanck test, intranuclear giant cells are stained by

Answer 46

Giemsa stain or Papanicolaou method (Pap smear)

Question 47

nucleoside analogue, decreases duration of acute and recurrent infections

Answer 47

acyclovir

Question 48

noncompetitive inhibitor of HSV DNA polymerase for acyclovir-resistant HSV

Answer 48

foscarnet

Question 49

for recurrent genital HSV, lessor dose and frequency, decreases spread between partners

Answer 49

valacyclovir

Question 50

prodrug of another nucleoside analogue, can suppress latent HSV but cannot get rid of DNA

Answer 50

famiciclovir

Question 51

need to act on it before it turns into active form

Answer 51

prodrug

Question 52

prevention of HSV

Answer 52

avoid contact with lesions safe sexual practices cesarean section delivery to reduce neonatal infections