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152 LE 5 > HIV & HPV > Flashcards

HIV & HPV Flashcards

1
Q

HIV family

A

retroviridae

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2
Q

dsDNA is produced from RNA template thru

A

reverse transcriptase

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3
Q

Retroviridae subclasses

A

oncoretroviruses
lentiviruses

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4
Q

“slow”, persists in clinically latent state

A

lentiviruses

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5
Q

“tumor”, transforms cells

A

oncoretroviruses

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6
Q

HIV genome

A

diploid (+) ssRNA with NC protein

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7
Q

p24

A

icosahedral capside protein

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8
Q

p17

A

matrix protein

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9
Q

gp120

A

enveloped surface glycoprotein

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10
Q

gp41

A

transmembrane protein

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11
Q

susceptible host cells

A
  • CD4+ T lymphocytes
  • Monocytes/macrophages
  • Langerhans cells
    *Dendritic cells
  • Microglia/glial cells
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12
Q

absence of CCR5

A

natural immunity from HIV

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13
Q

HIV can be transmitted through

A

use of non-sterile syringes and tools
pregnancy breastfeeding
blood transfusion
organ transplant
unprotected sex

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14
Q

HIV can’t be transmitted through

A

food, drink, utensils
insect bites
kiss, touch
clothes, towels
toilet, shower

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15
Q

HIV clinical aspect

A

acute > decrease due to immune response and evasion > latency > reactivation due to stress or immunocompromised patient > virus expressed > symptoms

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16
Q

HIV clinical staging

A
  1. asymptomatic stage
  2. mildly symptomatic stage
  3. moderately symptomatic stage
  4. severely symptomatic stage
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17
Q

what stage:
severely immunocompromised state, TB, candidiasis, opportunistic infections

A

stage 3

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18
Q

what stage:
unexplained weight loss, RTI’s ulcerations

A

stage 2

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19
Q

HIV diagnosis

A

HIV Antigen/Antibody Combination Test: screening
Western blot: definitive
rRT-PCR Nucleic Acid Test

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20
Q

When you get a positive result after screening, you are referred for confirmation via ?

A

western blot

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21
Q

what does not rely on western blot results

A

Rapid HIV Diagnostic Algorithm

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22
Q

3 rapid tests

A

Serial Rapid HIV Testing

23
Q

_ and _ inhibitors block entry

A

CCR5, gp41

24
Q

enzyme inhibitors, primary targets

A

RT, IN, and protease inhibitors

25
_ is targeted because it can target viral _, _ and _
replication, entry, maturation, replication
26
pharmocokinetic enhancer which may be used in ART to increase its effectiveness
Cobicistat, Ritonavir
27
Undetectable levels of viral load =
untransmittable
28
HPV genome
dsDNA, circular
29
HPV capsid
icosahedral
30
L1 - L2 -
major capsid protein minor capsid protein
31
There are no RNA or DNA polymerase in HPV, they are reliant on host polymerases
true
32
late genes
L1, L2
33
early genes
E1, E2, E4-7
34
gene for viral release
E4
35
gene that binds to p53, oncogenic protein
E6
36
gene that bidns to pRB, retinoblastoma
E7
37
gene for immune evasion
E5
38
promoter, enhancer elements, viral ORI
URR
39
HPV replication occurs in the
non-keratinizing stratified squamous epithelia
40
HPV targets transition from _ to _
stratified squamous to columnar cells
41
virus entry commonly occurs when there is _ during _
abrasion, sexual intercourse
42
clinical aspect of HPV is _ specific
genotype
43
cutaneous, non-genital warts
HPV 1,2,3,4,7,10
44
genital warts, low-risk of cancer
HPV 6 & 11
45
genital warts, high-risk of cancer
HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66 and 68
46
HPV needs E6 and E7 genes to _ for its _ leading to _ cancer
stop cell cycle checkpoint, maturation, cervical
47
HPV transmission
*skin-to-skin contact, contact with inanimate objects touched by infected person * any sexual contact * perinatally
48
HPV diagnosis
cell examination - pap smear antigen immunoassay om situ nucleic acid hybridization HPV DNA PCR
49
perinuclear cytoplasmic vacuolization and nuclear enlargement
koilocytosis
50
there are antivirals against HPV
false, no antivirals
51
warts are treated through
cytotoxic agents (salicylic acid) cautery/surgical removal
52
type of vaccine for HPV prevention
recombinant virus-like particle vaccine
53
vaccine schedule school-aged children: _ doses 15 yr old above: _ doses
2 3
54
only females are affected by HPV
false, males can be affected

152 LE 5 (4 decks)

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